Health Risks: Smoking and Poor Diet

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary addictive substance found in tobacco smoke?

Lead

Formaldehyde

Nicotine (correct)

Ammonia

Which of the following smoking methods is traditionally associated with waterpipe smoking?

E-cigarettes

Cigarettes

Cigars

Shisha (correct)

What misconception do people often have about roll-your-own tobacco (Rollies)?

They contain no harmful substances.

They are less harmful and more natural. (correct)

They are easier to quit than regular cigarettes.

They have fewer chemicals than cigars.

Which statement about cigar smoking is accurate?

A large cigar can contain as much tobacco as a pack of cigarettes. Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a lifestyle involving little or no physical activity?

Sedentary lifestyle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following chemicals is NOT commonly found in tobacco smoke?

Vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of inhaling smoke from combustible cigarettes?

Exposure to over 7,000 chemicals Signup and view all the answers

When did the practice of tobacco smoking likely begin?

5000–3000 BC Signup and view all the answers

Which form of tobacco was first developed in Sweden as a spit-free option?

Snus Signup and view all the answers

What major health issue is primarily associated with cigarette smoking in the United States?

Tobacco-related illnesses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a principle of good nutrition?

Imbalance Signup and view all the answers

What is one possible effect of poor dietary habits?

Malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

Which reason contributes to developing unhealthy eating habits among individuals?

Lack of desire for healthy food Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle characteristic increases the risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular diseases?

Physical inactivity Signup and view all the answers

What food consumption issues are part of poor dietary habits?

Underconsumption of high-fat foods Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following affects the skeletal muscle mass negatively due to excessive sitting?

A sedentary lifestyle Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by the hardening and thickening of arteries?

Arteriosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease?

Smoking Signup and view all the answers

What happens during a heart attack?

The cardiac muscle fails due to lack of blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a malignant tumor from a benign tumor?

Malignant tumors can metastasize to distant parts Signup and view all the answers

Which category of cancer arises from epithelial tissue?

Carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes congestive heart failure?

The heart cannot pump blood effectively, causing fluid accumulation Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes lymphoma?

It is characterized by abnormal production of white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is an effect of atherosclerosis?

Plaque buildup on arterial walls Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes leukemia?

Abnormal production of leukocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes is characterized by a complete lack of insulin production?

Type 1 Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause of insulin resistance in Type 2 Diabetes?

High insulin production without cellular response Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Increased appetite Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that contributes to the development of COPD?

Tobacco smoking Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus recommended for long-term health improvements?

Establishing a routine of proper eating Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements about diabetes is true?

Diabetes can cause kidney damage Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about gestational diabetes is correct?

It occurs when insulin cannot be used due to hormones Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Smoking

Tobacco smoking is the practice of burning tobacco and ingesting the smoke.
Forms of smoking include cigarettes, roll-your-own tobacco, shisha, e-cigarettes and vaping.
Some chemicals found in tobacco smoke include: nicotine (the addictive drug), hydrogen cyanide, formaldehyde, lead, arsenic, ammonia, radioactive elements, benzene, carbon monoxide, tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Cigars contain as much tobacco as an entire pack of cigarettes.
Regular cigarettes contain tobacco, added chemicals, a filter, and a paper covering.
Smokeless tobacco, like snus, is marketed as a less harmful alternative to cigarettes.

Poor Dietary Habits

There are three principles of good nutrition: adequacy, balance, and variety.
Underconsumption and overconsumption of unhealthy food, drinks, and a low-fiber, high-fat, high-salt, and high-sugar diet are all detrimental to health.
Effects of poor dietary habits include malnutrition, stress, tiredness, sleep deprivation, weak brain function, indigestion, and heart problems.
Causes include: learning from parents or guardians with unhealthy eating habits, families not having meals together, busy schedules, lack of desire to eat healthy food, poverty, emotional and mental conditions.

Sedentary Lifestyle

Occurs when an individual lacks the recommended level of regular physical activity, or if someone is physically inactive.
Physical inactivity causes increased risk of certain cancers, anxiety and depression, cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease, obesity, a decrease in skeletal muscle mass, and high blood pressure and cholesterol.

Types of Diseases Associated With Unhealthy Lifestyles

Cardiovascular Disease (leading cause of death in the Philippines):
- Arteriosclerosis: hardening and thickening of arteries. Some types are natural with aging.
- Atherosclerosis: deposition of fat on arterial walls leading to plaque buildup.
- Coronary Heart Disease: narrowed or blocked coronary arteries (blood pathway to heart muscles).
  - Risk factors include: smoking, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, age, obesity, physical inactivity
- Heart Attack: heart muscle failure due to lack of blood flow.
- Angina Pectoris: chest pain from narrowed coronary arteries due to insufficient oxygen for the heart.
- Heart Rhythm Abnormalities (Arrhythmia): irregular heart rhythm due to faulty electrical conduction system.
- Congestive Heart Failure: the heart is not able to or below its normal capacity to pump blood, causing liquid to accumulate in the lungs and other areas of the body.
Cancer: uncontrolled cell division.
- Tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
- Malignant tumors spread to invade and destroy nearby tissues (metastasis).
- Benign tumors do not invade other body parts, but can be harmful if they obstruct normal tissues.
- Categories:
  - Carcinoma: invasive malignant tumor from epithelial tissue (skin, breast, uterus, prostate, lung, stomach, colon, rectum, etc.)
  - Sarcoma: cancer of connective or supportive tissue (muscle, bone, fat, blood vessels, cartilage)
  - Lymphoma: cancer of lymphatic or immune system tissue
  - Leukemia: cancer of the blood or bone marrow
Diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus): body unable to produce or effectively use insulin.
- Insulin: a hormone produced in the pancreas to regulate glucose utilization.
- Resistance to insulin can lead to impaired glucose uptake.
- Diabetes impairs several organs, leading to kidney damage, blindness, and atherosclerosis.
- Type 1 Diabetes: body produces little or no insulin (insulin-dependent)
- Type 2 Diabetes: body produces insulin, but cannot use it (non-insulin dependent)
- Gestational Diabetes: occurs in some pregnant individuals.
Chronic Respiratory Disease (COPD): chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Affects airways and lungs.
- Symptoms: breathlessness, chronic cough, excessive mucus production.
- Risk Factors: tobacco smoking, indoor air pollution, outdoor air pollution, occupational dusts and chemicals.

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Description

This quiz explores the health impacts of smoking tobacco and maintaining poor dietary habits. It covers various forms of smoking, chemicals involved, and the principles of good nutrition. Test your knowledge on how these factors affect overall health and well-being.