Podcast
Questions and Answers
A community health nurse is planning a health promotion program. Which activity reflects the core principle of enabling people to increase control over their health?
A community health nurse is planning a health promotion program. Which activity reflects the core principle of enabling people to increase control over their health?
- Providing funds for a new community garden.
- Partnering with residents to identify health priorities and develop solutions. (correct)
- Conducting a health risk appraisal for all community members.
- Lobbying for stricter environmental regulations.
Which nursing intervention best demonstrates advocating for changes that promote a healthy environment?
Which nursing intervention best demonstrates advocating for changes that promote a healthy environment?
- Counseling a client on smoking cessation techniques.
- Educating new parents on infant safety measures.
- Supporting a local initiative to improve air quality near a school. (correct)
- Administering flu vaccines at a community clinic.
A school nurse is developing a program for adolescents focusing on self-concept and body image. Which approach would be most effective in promoting positive self-perception?
A school nurse is developing a program for adolescents focusing on self-concept and body image. Which approach would be most effective in promoting positive self-perception?
- Presenting information on the physical changes during puberty.
- Providing individual consultations on weight management and healthy eating.
- Facilitating discussions on media influences and unrealistic beauty standards. (correct)
- Organizing a fashion show highlighting diverse body types and styles.
Which intervention is the best example of primordial prevention?
Which intervention is the best example of primordial prevention?
A public health nurse is planning interventions at the primary prevention level. Which strategy is most appropriate?
A public health nurse is planning interventions at the primary prevention level. Which strategy is most appropriate?
A nurse is creating a teaching plan for a client with a chronic respiratory illness. Which activity represents tertiary prevention?
A nurse is creating a teaching plan for a client with a chronic respiratory illness. Which activity represents tertiary prevention?
During a home visit, an elderly client expresses difficulty managing multiple medications. Which action by the nurse best addresses this concern?
During a home visit, an elderly client expresses difficulty managing multiple medications. Which action by the nurse best addresses this concern?
A nurse is educating a group of pregnant women on health promotion activities during pregnancy. Which topic is most relevant to infant health?
A nurse is educating a group of pregnant women on health promotion activities during pregnancy. Which topic is most relevant to infant health?
An occupational health nurse is developing a workplace wellness program. Which initiative demonstrates a focus on stress management?
An occupational health nurse is developing a workplace wellness program. Which initiative demonstrates a focus on stress management?
A community nurse is working to reduce health disparities. Which approach best addresses the social determinants of health?
A community nurse is working to reduce health disparities. Which approach best addresses the social determinants of health?
Flashcards
Health Promotion
Health Promotion
Behavior motivated by the desire to increase wellbeing and actualize human potential; enabling people to increase control over health determinants.
Primary Prevention
Primary Prevention
Actions taken prior to disease onset to remove the possibility of it occurring.
Secondary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Action which halts the progression of a disease at its beginning stages and prevents complications.
Tertiary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention
Measures to reduce impairment and disability, minimize suffering, and promote adjustment to incurable conditions.
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Impairment
Impairment
Any loss or abnormality of physiological or anatomical structure or function, whether permanent or temporary.
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Disability
Disability
An impairment that substantially affects a person's life activities; may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, or physical.
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Handicap
Handicap
A condition that markedly restricts a person's ability to function physically, mentally, or socially.
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Health Maintenance
Health Maintenance
Goes hand in hand with health promotion and disease prevention. The active process of achieving health and remaining healthy
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Hygiene
Hygiene
The practice of keeping the body clean to prevent infection, illness and avoidance of contact with infectious agents.
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Curative/Rehabilitation
Curative/Rehabilitation
The action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after imprisonment, addiction, or illness.
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Health Promotion Definition
- A behavior motivated by the desire to increase wellbeing and actualize human potential. (Pender)
- A process of enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and improve their health.
Health Promotion Programs
- Information dissemination.
- Health risk appraisal and wellness assessment.
- Lifestyle and behavioral change.
- Environmental control programs.
Nurses' Role in Health Promotion
- Model healthy lifestyle behaviors and attitudes.
- Facilitate client involvement in the assessment, implementation, and evaluation of health goals.
- Teach the client health care strategies to enhance fitness, improve nutrition, manage stress, and enhance relationships.
- Assist individuals, families, and communities to increase their levels of health.
- Educate clients to be effective health care consumers.
- Assist clients, families, and communities to develop and choose health-promoting options.
- Guide client's development in effective problem solving and decision making
- Reinforce client's personal and family health-promoting behaviors.
- Advocate in the community for changes that promote a healthy environment.
Health Promotion Topics by Age Group
- Infants: Infant parent attachment/bonding and Breastfeeding
- Infants: Sleep patterns; Playful activity to stimulate development
- Infants: Immunization; Safety promotion and injury control
- Children: Nutrition; Dental checkup
- Children: Rest and exercise; Immunization
- Children: Safety promotion and injury control
- Adolescents: Communicating with the teen; Hormonal changes; Nutrition
- Adolescents: Exercise and rest; Peer group influences
- Adolescents: Self-concept and body image; Sexuality
- Adolescents: Safety promotion and accidental prevention
- Elders: Adequate sleep; Appropriate use of alcohol
- Elders: Dental/Oral health; Drug management
- Elders: Exercise; Foot health
- Elders: Health screening; Hearing aid use
- Elders: Safety precautions; Weight control etc.
Prevention
- Managing health factors to prevent diseases
Goal
- Maintain optimal health and prevent disease
Levels of Prevention
- Primordial Prevention: Prevents the emergence of risk factors in a population by using health education and mass health assessments.
- Primary Prevention: Action taken prior to the onset of disease, which removes the possibility that a disease will ever occur.
- Primary Prevention: Population or high-risk strategy
- Primary Prevention: Interventions include; health education, environmental modification, nutritional interventions, lifestyle and behavioral changes.
- Primary Prevention: Interventions for specific protection include immunization, chemoprophylaxis and the use of specific nutrients.
- Primary Prevention: Protection against accidents and occupational hazards.
- Primary Prevention: Avoidance of allergens and protection from air pollution
- Secondary Prevention: Halts the progress of the disease at its incipient stage and reduce complications by using early detection and prompt treatment.
- Tertiary Prevention: Reduces or limits impairment and disabilities caused by existing departures from good health, minimize suffering, and promote the patient adjustment irremediable conditions
Terminology
- Disease - Impairment – Disability – Handicap
- Disease: A disorder of structure or function in a human
- Impairment: Any loss or abnormality of a physiological, or anatomical structure or function, whether permanent or temporary.
- Disability: An impairment that may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, mental, physical, sensory, or some combination of these, and substantially affects a person's life activities and may be present from birth or occur during a person's lifetime.
- Handicap: A condition that markedly restricts their ability to function physically, mentally, or socially.
Health Maintenance
- Goes hand in hand with health promotion and disease prevention.
- The active process of achieving health and remaining healthy.
Strategies for Health Maintenance
- Nutrition: Studies how food affects health and performance and identifies foods or components that cause or prevent disease
- Exercise: Movements that develop or maintain physical fitness and overall health where frequent and regular physical activity prevents diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and back pain.
- Hygiene: Keeping the body clean to prevent infection, illness, and contact with infectious agents, including bathing, brushing, flossing, hand washing before eating, washing food, and cleaning utensils.
- Stress Management: Methods to reduce or increase tolerance to stress, which negatively impacts health, using relaxation techniques and promoting psychological methods like cognitive therapy, meditation, and positive thinking.
- Health Care: Prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by medical, nursing, and allied health professionals.
- Workplace Wellness Programs: Programs implemented by companies for their value in improving employee health, and increasing morale, loyalty and productivity through health screening recommendations, hearing aid use, immunizations, medication instruction, mental health, preventive health services, safety precautions, smoking cessation, weight control, nutrition, and physical fitness.
Curative/Rehabilitation
- Restore someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after imprisonment, addiction, or illness and extends from early detection of disease through helping the client during the recovery period.
- Providing direct care to the ill person, such as administering medications, baths, and specific procedures and treatments.
- Performing diagnostic and assessment procedures such as taking vital signs or obtaining samples for laboratory examinations.
- Consulting with other health care professionals about client problems.
- Teaching clients about recovery activities such as exercise that will accelerate recovery after a stroke.
- Rehabilitating clients about to their optimal functional level following physical or mental illness, injury, or chemical addiction.
- Rehabilitation Activities may be Medical, Vocational, Social, Psychological.
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