Health Procedures and Vaccination Overview

Questions and Answers

What is the role of heparin in a medical context?

It is a treatment for lung cancer.

It acts as a natural anticoagulant. (correct)

It is an analgesic for pain relief.

It is a vaccine for viral infections.

Which of the following best defines 'endemic'?

An outbreak that extends worldwide.

A regular occurrence of a disease within a population. (correct)

A sudden increase in disease cases in a specific area.

The complete eradication of a disease.

What is the primary function of Na citrate in hemostasis?

To prevent blood clotting. (correct)

To lower blood pressure.

To enhance clotting factor activity.

To increase blood viscosity.

What does the crude rate measure in epidemiology?

The number of deaths in a population over a specific time period. Signup and view all the answers

Which vaccination is specifically recommended for girls?

HPV vaccine. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of host factors, which condition is considered a perilous lifestyle factor?

Drug addiction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disease associated with the agent 'Leptospira'?

Leptospirosis. Signup and view all the answers

What factor significantly affects population density within a given area?

The age structure of the population. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems involves storing excreta in a pit for decomposition?

Pit latrine system Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily managed by the City Engineer's Office (CEO)?

Community housing and infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

Which hazard is associated with organisms such as bacteria and parasites?

Biological hazard Signup and view all the answers

Which bioterrorism threat is transmitted through inhalation and is caused by a bacterial agent?

Brucellosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is categorized under bioterrorism Category C?

Nipah virus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of drowning?

Leg cramps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary agent responsible for causing Conjunctivitis when mixed with chlorine?

Urine Signup and view all the answers

Which department is responsible for managing communicable disease control?

Department of Health (DOH) Signup and view all the answers

What procedure is associated with permanent contraception for females?

Tubal ligation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is classified as a viral hepatitis?

Hepatitis A Signup and view all the answers

Which mosquito species is the biological vector for malaria?

Anopheles mosquito Signup and view all the answers

What is a common warning sign of tetanus?

Lock jaw Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT considered a lifestyle disease?

Galactosemia Signup and view all the answers

What type of birth control method involves assessing medical records before procedure?

Vasectomy Signup and view all the answers

Which infectious disease is primarily transmitted through airborne particles?

Pulmonary tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for sexually transmitted diseases?

Sexual contact Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of diseases would most likely require the use of a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?

Premature birth conditions Signup and view all the answers

What organism is responsible for causing leprosy?

Mycobacterium leprae Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of regulation of water supplies as mentioned?

To prevent contamination in drinking water Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 3 R's strategy?

Reuse, Reduce, Recycle Signup and view all the answers

What factor primarily indicates the quality of water related to microbial content?

Faecal coliform content Signup and view all the answers

What type of waste is classified under yellow, as per the waste classification system?

Infectious wet and dry waste Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is associated with the agent Entamoeba histolytica?

Amoebiasis Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk of over-pumping ground water?

Sinking water table Signup and view all the answers

Which class of water supply is typically associated with rainwater harvesting?

Non-traditional water sources Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is commonly known to cause kidney disease related to leptospirosis?

Leptospira Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is primarily transmitted through water and is associated with the bacteria vibrio cholerae?

Cholera Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the Maternal and Child Health program related to prenatal care?

Testing for HIV, syphilis, and urine analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements of primary healthcare focuses on educating the community about health?

Education for health Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a vector for malaria transmission?

Anopheles mosquito Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the expanded program on immunization (EPI) is incorrect?

Tetanus vaccine is delivered as a single-dose injection. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a recognized element of the communication process?

Encoder Signup and view all the answers

What is the active ingredient in treatments for Hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B virus Signup and view all the answers

Which foodborne illness is associated with the bacterium Campylobacter?

Food poisoning Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Procedures and Anticoagulants

Natural anticoagulant heparin is used in medical procedures to prevent blood clotting.
Serology and toxicology tests assess various blood conditions and substances, including Na citrate and EDTA.

Immunization

Children receive vaccines for OPV (oral polio vaccine), measles, and polio.
Adults should be immunized against Covid-19, flu, and pneumococcus.
HPV vaccine is recommended for girls; boys may also receive it.

Public Health Concepts

Health care access is structured in a pyramid format, with individual needs at the base and international health considerations at the top.
Morbidity refers to the incidence of a disease, while mortality measures the number of deaths it causes.

Tobacco Use and Health Risks

Tobacco consumption statistics: approximately 10 pesos per stick, averaging 20 sticks a day.
Smokers aged 11-59 often remain asymptomatic, while those 60 and older may develop chronic respiratory issues like asthma or COPD.

Population Dynamics

Global population growth occurs rapidly; births every 2 minutes and deaths every 5 minutes.
Factors affecting population include density, age structure, and immigrant variations.

Exponential Growth Models

Populations can exhibit exponential (J-shaped) or logistic (S-shaped) growth patterns.
Endemic diseases like malaria are consistently present in specific regions, e.g., Palawan.

Health Education and Counseling

Effective public health relies on health education and counseling on family planning and HIV confidentiality.
Various levels of health education exist: individual, small group, and mass communication which can include biased reporting.

Infectious and Lifestyle Diseases

Infectious diseases include tuberculosis, pneumonia, and respiratory illnesses.
Non-communicable diseases result from lifestyle choices impacting health negatively (e.g., obesity, diabetes, cardiac conditions).

Chain of Infection

Understanding the chain of infection involves identifying the source, mode of transmission, and susceptible hosts.
Common vectors include sexual transmission and airborne diseases.

Community and Environmental Health

Waste categorization aids in management – biodegradable vs non-biodegradable.
Regulations pertain to sanitation and excreta disposal to prevent disease spread.

Water Quality and Management

Water classification includes microbial content analysis; portable water has specific standards (e.g., fecal coliform levels).
Water sources are protected through various systems, such as rainwater harvesting and borehole systems.

Community Health Initiatives

Community health programs target communicable disease prevention, maternal and child health, and proper waste management.
The DOH supports public health efforts through training and accreditation of healthcare institutions.

Current Health Threats and Bioterrorism

Awareness of bioterrorism includes knowledge of pathogens like Brucella and others categorized by risk.
Addressing both physical and mental health is crucial for holistic community wellness.

Prevention and Treatment of Diseases

Health education emphasizes prevention strategies for diseases such as HIV, malaria, and foodborne illnesses.
Safe water and sanitation are critical to reducing waterborne diseases like cholera and typhoid fever.

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Description

This quiz covers various health procedures related to anticoagulation and blood organ management, as well as vaccination strategies for children and adults. It includes information on specific vaccines like OPV, measles, COVID-19, and HPV. Test your knowledge on health care access and the importance of these procedures.