Health, Disease, and Deviance Quiz

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Questions and Answers

How does economic status impact health care attention?

It increases job dissatisfaction.

It determines purchasing power and quality of life. (correct)

It reduces the standard of living.

It does not affect health care attention.

What role does education play in individual health outcomes?

It provides tools for making informed health decisions. (correct)

Higher education leads to lower-paying jobs.

Education has no effect on health outcomes.

Education decreases the need for health insurance.

Which lifestyle factor is associated with health problems like lung cancer?

Adequate sleep

Smoking (correct)

Regular exercise

Balanced diet

What is an example of a key benefit provided by effective health services?

Provision of safe water and healthy environments. Signup and view all the answers

How can housing conditions influence health?

Safe and stable housing promotes better mental health. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of lifestyle significantly reflects societal values and habits?

Cultural and behavioral patterns Signup and view all the answers

How does income typically relate to health outcomes?

People with higher incomes are generally healthier. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding socio-economic conditions?

Suitable employment promotes health and well-being. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes disease from illness?

Disease is an objective term, while illness is a subjective term related to sensations. Signup and view all the answers

What is one determinant that can lead a person with an impairment to become viewed as deviant?

The impairment transitioning into a disability. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about stigma in the context of health is accurate?

Stigma related to physical disfigurement stems from cultural beauty standards. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to socio-cultural causes of disease?

Peer relationships. Signup and view all the answers

How did the World Health Organization define health in 1948?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is known to have a genetic origin?

Diabetes. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a person's impairment is perceived permanently?

They are considered socially disabled. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT included in the comprehensive definition of health?

Economic stability. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Health and Disease

Health is an ideal state of physical and mental well-being, a constant goal but not attainable.
Good health is a prerequisite for human productivity and development.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being, and not merely the absence of disease" (1948).

Illness and Disease

Disease is an objective term referring to diagnosable abnormalities in body systems or physiology.
Illness is a subjective experience of mental and physical sensations that may or may not indicate disease.

Deviance

Deviance is any behavior, belief, or condition that violates significant social norms within a particular society or group.
Behavioral deviance can be intentional (e.g., robbing a bank) or unintentional (e.g., losing money in a casino).
Illness or disability can lead to deviance when societal expectations are not met.

Health and Disease as Deviant Behavior

Impairments, if permanent, can lead individuals to deviate from their normal social roles and expectations.
Perceived inability to fulfill societal expectations, due to impairment, can lead to a sense of disability.
Alterations in self-perception, after significant physical changes (e.g., hysterectomy or mastectomy), can be a cause for concern and deviation from societal norms.

Stigma

Stigma is a concept with Greek origins, emphasized in Ancient Greece's focus on physical beauty.
Physical disfigurement could lead to the perception of falling out of favor with the gods, resulting in social stigma.

Socio-Cultural Causes of Disease

Causes of disease can be categorized into heredity, environment, lifestyle, socio-economic status, health services, education, and housing.

Heredity

Certain diseases, such as epilepsy, mental retardation, diabetes, and various cancers, have genetic origins.
Genetic factors can influence individual responses to drugs and metabolic changes.

Environment

Environmental factors greatly influence physical, mental, and social well-being.
Examples include housing conditions, access to clean water and sanitation, exposure to noise and pollution, psychological stress, support systems, and organization of health and social services.

Lifestyle

Lifestyle reflects social values, attitudes, and activities, encompassing cultural and behavioral patterns.
A significant component is personal habits like smoking, alcoholism, and others.
Lifestyle choices are linked to common health problems such as heart disease, obesity, and lung cancer.

Socio-economic Conditions

Economic status affects purchasing power, living standards, and access to healthcare.
Lack of education is strongly correlated with poverty.
Suitable employment and job satisfaction contribute to overall well-being.

Health Services

Effective health services are crucial for improving population health.
Examples include providing safe water, healthy environments, and other resources.

Education

Education is essential for making informed health decisions.
Educated individuals tend to live longer lives and have access to better employment opportunities, which include benefits (e.g., health insurance) and healthier working conditions.
Education fosters social connections that impact overall health outcomes.

Income

Income level directly correlates with health outcomes.
Higher incomes are generally associated with better health and longer lifespans.

Housing

Safe and adequate housing significantly impacts health.
Neighborhood environment and factors like crime, pollution, and proximity to resources (e.g., grocery stores) influence well-being.

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Description

Explore the intricate relationship between health, disease, and deviant behavior in this insightful quiz. Delve into definitions, implications, and societal perceptions of health and illness. Understand how deviance can manifest as a result of health conditions and societal norms.