Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the lymphatic drainage of the external ear associated with?
What is the lymphatic drainage of the external ear associated with?
- Parotid nodes (correct)
- Mastoid nodes (correct)
- Superficial cervical nodes (correct)
- None of the above
Based on the otoscopic examination findings of a 5-year-old child, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Based on the otoscopic examination findings of a 5-year-old child, what is the most likely diagnosis?
- Serous otitis media (correct)
- Acute purulent otitis media
- Resolving cholesteatoma
- Early stages of perforation
What could the ulcerated crusted nodule with an indurated base be indicative of?
What could the ulcerated crusted nodule with an indurated base be indicative of?
- Tophus
- Keloid
- Benign sebaceous cyst
- Potential carcinoma (correct)
What is an early sign of otitis media?
What is an early sign of otitis media?
What should the nurse do when seeing dense white patches on the tympanic membrane?
What should the nurse do when seeing dense white patches on the tympanic membrane?
What is the correct procedure for otoscopic examination on a child under 3 years?
What is the correct procedure for otoscopic examination on a child under 3 years?
Which factor places young children at risk for ear infections?
Which factor places young children at risk for ear infections?
What does an area of black and white dots on the tympanic membrane suggest?
What does an area of black and white dots on the tympanic membrane suggest?
What should a swimmer do to prevent otitis externa?
What should a swimmer do to prevent otitis externa?
What does hearing a buzzing sound indicate?
What does hearing a buzzing sound indicate?
What does objective vertigo mean for a patient?
What does objective vertigo mean for a patient?
What is the appropriate response for sudden hearing loss after an accident?
What is the appropriate response for sudden hearing loss after an accident?
Which changes in hearing occur with aging? (Select all that apply)
Which changes in hearing occur with aging? (Select all that apply)
The portion of the ear that consists of movable cartilage and skin is called the:
The portion of the ear that consists of movable cartilage and skin is called the:
Which statement about cerumen is correct?
Which statement about cerumen is correct?
The tympanic membrane should appear:
The tympanic membrane should appear:
Which statement concerning the eustachian tube is true?
Which statement concerning the eustachian tube is true?
The middle ear functions to:
The middle ear functions to:
Which cranial nerve is responsible for conducting nerve impulses to the brain from the organ of Corti?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for conducting nerve impulses to the brain from the organ of Corti?
Which statement is true concerning air conduction?
Which statement is true concerning air conduction?
During the assessment of a patient with sensorineural hearing loss, the nurse should:
During the assessment of a patient with sensorineural hearing loss, the nurse should:
The portion of the ear responsible for the sensation of spinning is the:
The portion of the ear responsible for the sensation of spinning is the:
Rubella during the first trimester can damage which part related to the infant's hearing?
Rubella during the first trimester can damage which part related to the infant's hearing?
A 2-year-old child with frequent ear infections should be informed that:
A 2-year-old child with frequent ear infections should be informed that:
The most likely cause of progressive hearing loss in a 31-year-old patient is:
The most likely cause of progressive hearing loss in a 31-year-old patient is:
In a 70-year-old patient, having trouble hearing in large groups may suggest:
In a 70-year-old patient, having trouble hearing in large groups may suggest:
The finding of dry, flaky cerumen in a 20-year-old patient is significant because:
The finding of dry, flaky cerumen in a 20-year-old patient is significant because:
An important question for a patient with a suspected perforated eardrum would be:
An important question for a patient with a suspected perforated eardrum would be:
Pain in the left ear when people speak loudly may indicate:
Pain in the left ear when people speak loudly may indicate:
In taking the history of a 6-month-old infant, the nurse should ask:
In taking the history of a 6-month-old infant, the nurse should ask:
During an otoscopic examination on an adult, the correct action is to:
During an otoscopic examination on an adult, the correct action is to:
What indicates the most important reason for assessing drainage from the ear canal after head injuries?
What indicates the most important reason for assessing drainage from the ear canal after head injuries?
In performing a voice test to assess hearing, the nurse should:
In performing a voice test to assess hearing, the nurse should:
For a 3-year-old child with a suspected ear infection, the nurse should:
For a 3-year-old child with a suspected ear infection, the nurse should:
When examining a newborn's ear, which statement is true?
When examining a newborn's ear, which statement is true?
What is the expected response when assessing the hearing of a 7-month-old infant by clapping hands?
What is the expected response when assessing the hearing of a 7-month-old infant by clapping hands?
An 80-year-old patient undergoing an ear examination may show which normal finding?
An 80-year-old patient undergoing an ear examination may show which normal finding?
If a 23-year-old patient has an auricle that is tender and reddish-blue, what is an important consideration?
If a 23-year-old patient has an auricle that is tender and reddish-blue, what is an important consideration?
In a 3-year-old boy with a bright red tympanic membrane, the findings are indicative of:
In a 3-year-old boy with a bright red tympanic membrane, the findings are indicative of:
The purpose of tympanostomy tubes in children is to:
The purpose of tympanostomy tubes in children is to:
Flashcards
Auricle (pinna)
Auricle (pinna)
The visible, external part of the ear, made of cartilage and skin.
Cerumen (earwax)
Cerumen (earwax)
Waxy substance that protects and lubricates the ear.
Tympanic membrane
Tympanic membrane
A thin membrane that separates the outer and middle ear, vibrates with sound.
Eustachian tube
Eustachian tube
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Middle ear function
Middle ear function
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Cranial Nerve VIII
Cranial Nerve VIII
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Air conduction
Air conduction
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Conductive hearing loss
Conductive hearing loss
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Sensorineural hearing loss
Sensorineural hearing loss
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Vertigo
Vertigo
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Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis
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Presbycusis
Presbycusis
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Otitis media
Otitis media
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Tympanostomy tubes
Tympanostomy tubes
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Otitis externa
Otitis externa
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Fungal infection (otomycosis)
Fungal infection (otomycosis)
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Tinnitus
Tinnitus
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Objective vertigo
Objective vertigo
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Subjective vertigo
Subjective vertigo
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Sudden hearing loss
Sudden hearing loss
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Hearing assessment (whisper test)
Hearing assessment (whisper test)
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Risk factors (child ear infections)
Risk factors (child ear infections)
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Otoscopic exam technique (adult)
Otoscopic exam technique (adult)
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Otoscopic exam technique (children)
Otoscopic exam technique (children)
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Study Notes
Ear Anatomy and Function
- Auricle (pinna) is the external ear made of movable cartilage and skin.
- Cerumen (earwax) protects and lubricates the ear; its presence does not indicate poor hygiene.
- Tympanic membrane should appear pearly gray and slightly concave, reflecting the otoscope light.
Eustachian Tube
- The eustachian tube helps equalize air pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane, crucial during altitude changes.
Middle Ear Functions
- The middle ear conducts sound vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear, enhancing auditory transmission.
Cranial Nerve VIII
- Cranial Nerve VIII is responsible for transmitting auditory impulses from the organ of Corti to the brain.
Hearing Loss Assessment
- Air conduction is the normal hearing pathway; conductive hearing loss occurs due to mechanical dysfunction in the outer or middle ear.
- Sensorineural hearing loss may arise from aging (presbycusis) or ototoxic medications.
Signs of Ear Conditions
- Vertigo indicates labyrinth inflammation affecting balance.
- Hearing loss related to rubella in pregnancy can damage the organ of Corti in the fetus.
- Frequent ear infections in children are often due to anatomic differences; their eustachian tubes are shorter and more horizontal.
Conductive Hearing Loss
- Otosclerosis commonly causes conductive hearing loss in young adults, while presbycusis affects older adults.
Pediatric Considerations
- Infants should be assessed for hearing response to loud noises as exposure to ototoxic drugs increases risks for hearing deficits.
Otoscopic Examination Techniques
- For adults, pull the pinna up and back; for children, perform the examination last to reduce anxiety.
- Newborn tympanic membranes may appear thick and opaque.
Symptoms Indicative of Conditions
- Bright red tympanic membranes suggest acute otitis media; amber-yellow suggests serous otitis media.
- Pain and redness in the auricle may indicate frostbite or external ear infections.
Tympanostomy Tubes
- Tympanostomy tubes relieve pressure and allow drainage in children with recurrent ear infections.
Assessment of External Ear
- Enlarged superficial cervical nodes indicate inflammation, common in otitis externa.
- Crusty nodules behind the pinna in older adults require evaluation for potential carcinoma.
General Facts
- High-tone frequency loss is common in older individuals due to presbycusis.
- Whisper tests involve repeating random numbers and letters to assess hearing quality.### Carcinoma and Biopsy Referral
- A patient presenting with an ulcerated, crusted nodule that has an indurated base, which intermittently bleeds and fails to heal, may have carcinoma.
- Referral for a biopsy is essential for proper diagnosis.
Otitis Media Assessment
- Early signs of otitis media include hypomobility of the tympanic membrane, indicating increased pressure.
- Symptoms can extend to redness and bulging of the membrane.
Tympanic Membrane Examination in Adolescents
- Dense white patches on the tympanic membrane indicate scarring from recurrent ear infections.
- Scarring does not necessarily affect auditory function.
Otoscopic Examination in Young Children
- During an otoscopic exam on children under 3 years, the pinna should be pulled down to ensure proper visualization.
Risk Factors for Ear Infections in Children
- Exposure to passive cigarette smoke significantly increases the risk of ear infections in young children.
- Other factors such as family history, air conditioning, and cerumen levels may also contribute but are less emphasized.
Fungal Infections in the Ear
- Black and white dots on the tympanic membrane and ear canal suggest a yeast or fungal infection (otomycosis).
Prevention of Otitis Externa
- Swimmers are advised to use rubbing alcohol or 2% acetic acid eardrops after swimming to prevent otitis externa by drying the ear canal.
Tinnitus Identification
- Tinnitus is characterized by internal sounds such as ringing, buzzing, or crackling, often associated with various ear disorders.
Types of Vertigo
- Objective vertigo causes the sensation that the room is spinning, while subjective vertigo makes one feel as though they are moving.
- True dizziness differs from vertigo; it is a feeling of lightheadedness or unsteadiness.
Sudden Hearing Loss Protocol
- Any sudden hearing loss, especially post-trauma, warrants immediate notification to the healthcare provider for potential intervention.
Aging and Hearing Changes
- Presbycusis, a common age-related hearing loss, typically begins in middle age and progresses slowly.
- It impairs the ability to hear high-frequency sounds and consonants, making speech sound garbled.
- Patients may also struggle with sound localization.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 16 of 'Health Assessment' by Jarvis, focusing on the anatomy and examination of the ears. These flashcards cover essential terms, functions, and nursing procedures related to ear health. Perfect for nursing students preparing for assessments!
