Health and Safety Regulations Quiz

Good Samaritan Laws

• Laws exist to encourage healthcare professionals to render aid outside of work.
• No compensation is allowed for care provided.
• Professionals cannot be held negligent for care outside their scope of practice.
• Four key elements of Good Samaritan laws:
  • Permission from the ill/injured person (when possible).
  • Care given in an appropriate (non-reckless) manner.
  • The person aided was not responsible for the accident.
  • Care was given because it was an emergency and trained help had yet to arrive.

Vitamins

• Water-soluble vitamins include B vitamins (and B complex) and vitamin C.
• Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E, and K. These are needed for fat absorption in the diet.

Trans Fats

• Trans fats are created when hydrogen is added to oils to make them harder and more shelf-stable.
• Trans fats raise blood cholesterol levels.

Aspiration

• Aspiration occurs when substances other than air enter the lungs (e.g., food, liquid, or other materials).
• Two types of aspiration:
  • Overt aspiration: Presents with noticeable symptoms:
    • Sudden cough
    • Wheezing
    • Trouble breathing
    • Congestion
    • Heartburn
    • Throat clearing
    • Chest discomfort
    • Decreased oxygen saturation (as the body recognizes a foreign object going into the airway and attempts to clear it).
  • Silent aspiration: Has no obvious symptoms. Look for:
    • Fever
    • Low oxygen saturation
    • Tachypnea (rapid breathing) - signs of pneumonia

Tube Feedings

• To administer tube feedings, keep the head of the bed elevated by 30 degrees.
• Pause the feeding during patient care or when the patient is lying flat.

Urinary Catheterization

• A urinary catheter is inserted into the bladder to drain urine.
• The flexible tube can be placed through the urethra or a surgically created opening in the lower abdomen.

Learning Domains

• Cognitive: Learning facts and remembering information.
• Affective: Changing emotions and feelings.
• Psychomotor: Involves physical movement, skills, coordination, and sensory use. Nurses use the psychomotor domain to teach clients practical skills.

Bowel Elimination

• Constipation: Dry, hard stool that's difficult to pass.
• Diarrhea: Watery, liquid stool.
• Fecal impaction: May manifest as diarrhea.

Other Team Members

• Physical therapist: Focuses on gross motor skills (walking, stair climbing).
• Occupational therapist: Focuses on fine motor skills (using utensils, writing, activities of daily living).
• Speech therapist: Focuses on speaking (communication) and swallowing.