Healing of Skin Wounds

Chronic venous hypertension is the primary cause of venous leg ulcers in elderly individuals.

Arterial ulcers develop due to ischemia caused by atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries, leading to tissue necrosis.

Pressure sores form due to prolonged mechanical pressure against a bone, causing local ischemia and tissue necrosis.

<p>The key histological feature of diabetic ulcers is epithelial ulceration with extensive granulation tissue in the underlying dermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poor delivery of oxygen to the ulcer site contributes to the failure of venous leg ulcers to heal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nutritional status is critical as deficiencies can impair cell function and decrease the overall healing rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes mellitus delays healing due to poor metabolic control, which impairs blood flow and oxygen delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vascular adequacy is vital as it ensures adequate blood supply, delivering necessary nutrients and oxygen while removing waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucocorticoids impede the inflammatory and reparative processes by suppressing immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Labile and stable tissues have better regeneration potential, while permanent tissues can only form scar tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infections, ischemia, mechanical forces, and presence of foreign bodies can all delay wound healing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first step involves activation of coagulation pathways, leading to clot formation which stops bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By day 3, neutrophils are replaced by macrophages, and granulation tissue begins to invade the incision space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiation of surface cells leads to the maturation of epidermal architecture with surface keratinization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Healing by second intention involves a more intense inflammatory reaction due to larger tissue defects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dermal appendages destroyed in the incision are permanently lost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wound strength is about 10% after one week and rises to 70-80% of normal by three months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myofibroblasts contribute to wound contraction, reducing the size of large surface wounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Second intention healing results in much larger amounts of granulation tissue formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Granulation tissue is eventually converted into a pale, avascular scar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TGF-β is largely responsible for the mechanisms driving abnormal collagen deposition in fibrosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within six weeks, large skin defects can contract to 5% to 10% of their original size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extensive wounds exhibit a greater volume of necrotic debris and require more granulation tissue for healing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It results in the formation of a hypertrophic scar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibrosis can lead to substantial organ dysfunction or even organ failure, such as liver cirrhosis and end-stage kidney disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keloids progress beyond the original injury area and do not regress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exuberant granulation tissue is characterized by excessive growth of granulation tissue that protrudes above the skin level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased abdominal pressure from actions like vomiting or coughing can lead to inadequate scar formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myofibroblasts contribute to the rapid growth of hypertrophic scars and their collagen accumulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractures are often seen after serious burns and can limit joint mobility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive granulation tissue may be treated by cautery or surgical excision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Desmoids, or aggressive fibromatosis, may follow these injuries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A hypertrophic scar tends to regress while a keloid does not and may grow beyond the original injury site.</p> Signup and view all the answers