Questions and Answers
Which of the following are key terms in head and neck anatomy?
What are the 11 regions of the head?
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, orbital, nasal, infraorbital, zygomatic, buccal, oral, and mental.
What are the bones of the cranium?
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid.
What are the facial bones?
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Which muscles are involved in facial expressions?
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What are the major arteries in the head and neck?
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What are the components of the temporomandibular joint?
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What action does the temporomandibular joint allow?
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Where are the major salivary glands located?
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What are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
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Identify the major lymph node sites of the body.
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What are the paranasal sinuses of the skull?
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How is knowledge of head and neck anatomy integrated into clinical practice?
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Study Notes
Key Terms
- Fundamental vocabulary essential for understanding head and neck anatomy.
Regions of the Head
- The head is divided into 11 distinct regions:
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Occipital
- Temporal
- Orbital
- Nasal
- Infraorbital
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Oral
- Mental
Bones of the Cranium and Face
- Cranium consists of:
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Occipital
- Temporal
- Sphenoid
- Ethmoid
- Facial bones include:
- Zygomatic
- Maxillary
- Palatine
- Nasal
- Lacrimal
- Vomer
- Inferior conchae
- Mandible
- Contains 6 auditory ossicles:
- Malleus
- Incus
- Stapes
Muscles of the Head and Neck
- Neck muscles:
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Trapezius
- Facial expression muscles include:
- Orbicularis oris
- Buccinator
- Mentalis
- Zygomatic major
- Muscles for mastication are:
- Temporal
- Masseter
- Internal pterygoid
- External pterygoid
- Tongue muscles:
- Genioglossus
- Hyoglossus
- Styloglossus
- Soft palate:
- Palatoglossus
- Palatopharyngeal
- Floor of the mouth:
- Mylohyoid
- Digastric
- Stylohyoid
- Geniohyoid
Blood Vessels of the Head and Neck
- Key arteries include:
- External carotid artery
- Facial artery
- Lingual artery
- Mandibular artery
- Maxillary artery
Temporomandibular Joint Components
- Notable structures:
- Capsular ligament
- Meniscus (articular disc)
- Synovial fluid
Action of the Temporomandibular Joint
- Facilitates movement of the mandible for:
- Speech
- Mastication
Salivary Glands and Ducts
- Minor salivary glands:
- Numerous and smaller than major glands
- Major salivary glands:
- Parotid (Stensen's duct)
- Submandibular (Wharton's duct)
- Sublingual (Bartholin's duct)
Divisions of the Trigeminal Nerve
- Divided into three main branches:
- Ophthalmic
- Maxillary
- Mandibular
Major Lymph Node Sites
- Major lymph node groups in the body:
- Cervical nodes (superficial and deep)
- Axillary nodes
- Inguinal nodes
Paranasal Sinuses of the Skull
- Major paranasal sinuses:
- Maxillary sinuses
- Frontal sinuses
- Ethmoid sinuses
- Sphenoid sinuses
Clinical Integration of Knowledge
- Understanding nerves is crucial for local anesthesia in dental treatments.
- Blood vessels may contribute to the spread of infections in the head and neck.
- Muscle dysfunction could lead to issues like malocclusion, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and dental infection spread.
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Description
Test your knowledge of head and neck anatomy with these flashcards. Learn key terms and identify various regions and bones of the head and face. Perfect for students in anatomy or related fields.
