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HDL Cholesterol Transport and Steroid Hormones

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following processes occurs in the liver with regards to HDL?

HDL is synthesized from VLDL
HDL is converted to LDL
HDL binds to the liver cell surface and transfers its cholesteryl esters to the cell (correct)
HDL is degraded into free cholesterol

What is the function of COX-1 enzyme?

It is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates
It catalyzes the normal physiological production of prostaglandins (correct)
It regulates the synthesis of steroid hormones
It produces prostaglandins in inflammation

What is the role of aldosterone in the body?

It is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates
It regulates the balance of water and electrolytes in the body (correct)
It regulates the synthesis of steroid hormones
It decreases inflammation

What is the function of HDL in the body?

It transports cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the oxidation products of cholesterol?

Bile salts (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of estrogens in the body?

They are responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics and control of the menstrual cycle (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal plasma level of cholesterol?

175 mg/100 mL (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to LDL receptors when the concentration of cholesterol inside cells is high?

Their synthesis is suppressed (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of faulty cholesterol transport?

High LDL and low HDL (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of statin drugs?

To decrease cholesterol synthesis in the liver (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to VLDL as fat is removed?

Its density increases (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of high levels of cholesterol in the plasma?

Premature atherosclerosis and heart attacks (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why triglycerides with unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points?

Due to the cis configuration of the double bonds, resulting in a less ordered structure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hydrogenation hardening in the production of edible fats?

To produce fats with a desired consistency (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of phospholipids in lipids?

To contain an alcohol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate ester (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the resulting product of partial hydrogenation of polyunsaturated oils?

Margarine and other butter substitutes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of a triglyceride?

Glycerol, three fatty acids (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of lipids?

They are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents (A) Signup and view all the answers

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