18 Questions
Which of the following processes occurs in the liver with regards to HDL?
HDL binds to the liver cell surface and transfers its cholesteryl esters to the cell
What is the function of COX-1 enzyme?
It catalyzes the normal physiological production of prostaglandins
What is the role of aldosterone in the body?
It regulates the balance of water and electrolytes in the body
What is the function of HDL in the body?
It transports cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver
What are the oxidation products of cholesterol?
Bile salts
What is the role of estrogens in the body?
They are responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics and control of the menstrual cycle
What is the normal plasma level of cholesterol?
175 mg/100 mL
What happens to LDL receptors when the concentration of cholesterol inside cells is high?
Their synthesis is suppressed
What is a symptom of faulty cholesterol transport?
High LDL and low HDL
What is the function of statin drugs?
To decrease cholesterol synthesis in the liver
What happens to VLDL as fat is removed?
Its density increases
What is the consequence of high levels of cholesterol in the plasma?
Premature atherosclerosis and heart attacks
What is the primary reason why triglycerides with unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points?
Due to the cis configuration of the double bonds, resulting in a less ordered structure
What is the purpose of hydrogenation hardening in the production of edible fats?
To produce fats with a desired consistency
What is the function of phospholipids in lipids?
To contain an alcohol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate ester
What is the resulting product of partial hydrogenation of polyunsaturated oils?
Margarine and other butter substitutes
What are the three main components of a triglyceride?
Glycerol, three fatty acids
What is a characteristic of lipids?
They are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents
Learn about the role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in transporting cholesterol and its conversion to cholesteryl esters. Understand how HDL interacts with the liver and its involvement in the synthesis of steroid hormones and bile acids.
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