Hazardous Waste Management Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of decontamination?

Remove contaminants from people and equipment

Once approved, an Emergency Operations Plan should never be revised.

False

What federal law regulates hazardous waste from cradle to grave?

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976

What type of information does a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) include?

<p>Health effects and physical properties of a specific chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which federal law is intended to assure safe working conditions?

<p>The Occupational Safety and Health Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of a sound community plan for hazardous materials emergencies?

<p>Roles and responsibilities are defined</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances are judges likely to take immediate action to halt pollution?

<p>In extreme cases when the potential damage is clear and irreparable</p> Signup and view all the answers

States have broad authority to control how hazardous materials are managed within their borders.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which federal agency assists states in preparing for hazardous materials emergencies?

<p>The Federal Emergency Management Agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the NFPA 704 labeling system, what does a rating of 4 indicate?

<p>The highest degree of hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency of chemicals to become more concentrated as they move up the food chain called?

<p>Biomagnification</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which federal agency regulates interstate shipments of hazardous materials?

<p>Department of Transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic approaches to cleaning contaminated soil?

<p>Containment, off-site containment, on- or off-site treatment, or disposal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of conducting a hazardous materials exercise?

<p>Whether planned procedures work</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sensory clues to the possible presence of hazardous materials in water include which of the following?

<p>All of these</p> Signup and view all the answers

Standard approaches to waste disposal are generally regulated and managed by the:

<p>EPA</p> Signup and view all the answers

If caught outdoors near a hazardous materials incident, in which direction should you move?

<p>Upstream, uphill, and upwind</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is likely to be most severely affected in a toxic accident involving adults, teenagers, and small children?

<p>The small children would be most severely affected</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical that produces injury upon contact with skin known as?

<p>A corrosive</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Hazardous Materials Response Team?

<p>To provide the skills, knowledge, and technical equipment needed to offensively handle hazardous materials incidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

The EPCRA grants citizens the right to obtain information on hazardous materials in their community.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

When treating exposure to poison, what is your most reliable source of advice?

<p>The product's label</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is difficult and sometimes impossible to purify contaminated groundwater.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What typically includes conceptual framework for emergency operations in local plans?

<p>Supporting annexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information can be obtained from the placard on a tanker bearing hazardous materials?

<p>The hazard class of the substance being carried</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when contaminated clothing is given to another individual?

<p>Cross-contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the code OXY in the NFPA 704 label indicate?

<p>The material can easily release oxygen to create or worsen a fire or explosion hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary hazard associated with most flammable liquids?

<p>Fire or explosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides the LEPC, what local agency may maintain information on hazardous materials?

<p>The local fire department</p> Signup and view all the answers

What roles does the local agency play in reducing public risks from hazardous materials?

<p>All of these</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under EPCRA, what are Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPCs) responsible for?

<p>Develop an emergency plan to respond to hazardous materials incidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

What chemical agent interferes with the body's ability to transfer oxygen?

<p>Hydrogen cyanide</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of source is an industry's smokestack considered?

<p>Point</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of exposure does a person experience when working regularly without protective measures?

<p>Chronic</p> Signup and view all the answers

The five phases of a hazardous material's life include production, transportation, storage, elimination, and disposal.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The body has very efficient internal defenses which can remove any quantity of an unwanted substance.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the analysis of a situation to determine the level of risk called?

<p>Risk assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

From where can results of Commodity Flow Surveys be obtained?

<p>LEPC</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you encounter a suspicious substance?

<p>Notify the appropriate authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

Existing landfills are sufficient for disposing of the Nation's waste for the foreseeable future.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which federal agency is primarily responsible for protecting the environment from hazardous materials?

<p>The Environmental Protection Agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who mandates permissible exposure limits?

<p>OSHA</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a mutagen have on genetic material?

<p>Causes a permanent change in the genetic material (DNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presence of hazardous materials can always be detected by the sense of smell.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Formal mutual aid agreements are seldom needed during incidents.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended minimum number of personnel needed to manage a hazardous materials incident safely?

<p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the success of good site operations and employee response during emergencies?

<p>Initial and annual refresher training</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the four routes of entry for toxic substances into the body?

<p>Absorption, injection, ingestion, inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as health effects resulting from long-term contact with a hazardous substance?

<p>Chronic exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

In-place sheltering is never recommended during a hazardous materials incident.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Decontamination and Emergency Plans

  • Decontamination eliminates contaminants from individuals and equipment.
  • An Emergency Operations Plan can be revised to avoid confusion among responding agencies.

Hazardous Waste Regulations

  • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 governs hazardous waste management from creation to disposal.
  • The Occupational Safety and Health Act ensures safe working conditions.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

  • An MSDS details health effects and physical properties of specific chemicals.

Hazardous Materials Emergency Planning

  • A strong community plan clarifies roles and responsibilities during hazardous materials emergencies.
  • The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) supports states in preparing for hazardous materials emergencies.
  • Judges may act to halt pollution immediately in extreme cases of clear and irreversible damage.
  • States possess significant authority to regulate hazardous materials management.
  • The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates waste disposal methods.

Chemical Safety and Response

  • The NFPA 704 labeling system designates a rating of 4 as the highest hazard level.
  • Biomagnification describes increasing chemical concentration in organisms up the food chain.

Community and Local Agency Roles

  • Local fire departments hold information on industries managing extremely hazardous substances (EHS).
  • Local agencies are essential for developing emergency plans and regulating hazardous materials.

Hazardous Material Characteristics and Risks

  • Key sensory indicators of hazardous materials in water include dead fish, unusual algae growth, and white froth.
  • A corrosive chemical injures skin upon contact.

Emergency Management and Response Teams

  • Hazardous Materials Response Teams provide essential skills and technical equipment for handling incidents.
  • The community's emergency plan encompasses transportation regulation and safe hazardous waste disposal.

Toxic Substances and Health Risks

  • Hydrogen cyanide disrupts oxygen transfer in the body.
  • Point sources of pollution, like smokestacks, have identifiable emissions.
  • Chronic exposure results from repeated contact with toxic substances, while permissible exposure limits are set by OSHA.
  • Personal protective measures are critical to prevent chemical exposure.

Safety Protocols and Practices

  • Notification of authorities is mandatory upon discovering suspicious substances.
  • Formal mutual aid agreements are critical for collaborative emergency response efforts.
  • The recommended minimum personnel to manage a hazardous materials incident safely is eight.

Routes of Entry and Long-term Effects

  • Toxic substances enter the body through absorption, injection, ingestion, and inhalation.
  • Chronic exposure refers to long-term health effects from hazardous substances.
  • Shelter-in-place strategies can be viable during hazardous materials accidents under certain circumstances.

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Test your knowledge on hazardous waste management concepts and regulations with these flashcards. Learn about decontamination procedures, emergency operations plans, and federal laws governing hazardous waste. Ideal for students in environmental science or safety training.

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