Hazardous Chemicals & Health Quiz

Flammability

Headache, Fatigue, drowsiness

Aromatic HCs

Carcinogens

2K(s)+2H2O(l)→2KOH(aq)+ H2(g)+ Heat

Acute effects are adverse effects caused by short-term and one-time exposure to hazardous chemicals, such as headache, fatigue, drowsiness, gastrointestinal irritation, and inflammation of the eyes. Chronic effects, on the other hand, result from repeated and long-term exposure and may lead to damage to the lungs, liver, kidneys, central nervous system, cancer, and reproductive disorders. Examples of chronic effects include damage to the bone marrow and development of leukemia from overexposure to benzene.

The special classes of hazardous chemicals mentioned in the text are carcinogens, mutagens, biohazards and infectious waste, radioactive materials, compressed gases, and asbestos-containing materials. Carcinogens may cause cancer, mutagens induce genetic mutations, biohazards and infectious waste pose risks of biological contamination, radioactive materials emit ionizing radiation, compressed gases present physical hazards, and asbestos-containing materials can lead to asbestos-related diseases such as mesothelioma.

The dangerous properties of hazardous chemicals mentioned in the text are flammability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. Flammable liquids like ether pose fire hazards, corrosive acids and alkalis can cause tissue damage upon contact, explosive solids like Trinitrotoluene (TNT) present explosion risks, and toxic chemicals, such as aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene, can lead to organ damage, cancer, and reproductive disorders upon overexposure.

The chemical equation provided in the text to represent the property of flammability is 2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g) + Heat. This equation demonstrates the reaction of potassium (K) with water (H2O) to produce potassium hydroxide (KOH), hydrogen gas (H2), and heat. It illustrates the potential fire hazard associated with reactive metals and their ability to generate flammable hydrogen gas when in contact with water.

The chronic health effects of hazardous chemicals depend on the nature and duration of exposure and may lead to damage to the lungs, liver, kidneys, central nervous system, cancer, and reproductive disorders. Specific examples of chronic health hazards include loss of muscular coordination, collapse, unconsciousness from overexposure to aliphatic hydrocarbons, and bone marrow damage and leukemia development from prolonged exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene.

Flammability, Corrosivity, Reactivity, Toxicity

Carcinogens, Mutagens, Biohazards & Infectious Waste, Radioactive Materials, Compressed Gases, Asbestos-containing Materials

Adverse effects caused by short term and one-time exposure, including headache, fatigue, drowsiness, gastrointestinal irritation, fatigue, dry and cracked skin, watering of eyes, and inflammation of eyelids

Repeated and long-term exposure to hazardous chemicals may lead to damage to lungs, liver, kidneys, central nervous system, cancer, and reproductive disorders

Flammability: Illustrated by the chemical equation 2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g) + Heat. The potential risks include fire hazards and the release of flammable gases