Questions and Answers
What time period is associated with Latin America and Anglo colonial beginnings?
What time period is linked to Latin America and Anglo independence wars?
What was the estimated native population during first contact?
likely 60 million, some scholars say 110 million
What were 'hidalgos' known as?
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What is the definition of 'conquistadores'?
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Who was Juan Ponce de Leon, and what is he known for?
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Study Notes
Latin America and Colonial Beginnings
- The 1500s marked the establishment of Latin America under Anglo colonial influences.
- This era was characterized by the arrival of Europeans and the beginning of significant cultural exchanges and conflicts.
Latin America and Independence Wars
- The 1800s were pivotal as Latin America fought for independence from colonial powers.
- These wars established a foundation for the modern nations of Latin America.
Native Population at First Contact
- Estimates suggest the native population ranged from 60 million to 110 million at the time of European contact.
- The Valley of Mexico had one of the highest concentrations with about 25 million people.
Hidalgos
- Hidalgos were lower-ranking nobles or gentlefolk who evolved into conquistadors during the conquests.
- They played a crucial role in the Spanish colonization efforts across the Americas.
Conquistadores
- The term refers to Spanish conquerors known for their expeditions in the Americas, particularly in Mexico and Peru during the 16th century.
Juan Ponce de Leon
- Juan Ponce de Leon is noted as the first European to set foot on U.S. soil in 1513, in what is now Florida.
- He famously searched for the legendary Fountain of Youth, symbolizing the European quest for wealth and longevity.
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado and Hernando de Soto
- Both explorers ventured into areas that include present-day Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.
- They claimed vast territories for Spain, furthering European presence in North America.
Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
- In 1527, Cabeza de Vaca led a 300-man expedition that faced hardships near Tallahassee, ultimately losing contact with their ship.
- Surviving considerable Indian attacks, he and three others spent seven years journeying, adapting to a trading lifestyle, before escaping to a Spanish settlement in Arizona in 1533.
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Description
These flashcards cover key concepts from Chapter 1 of 'Harvest of Empire'. Learn about the colonial beginnings of Latin America, the independence wars, and the impact on the native population during first contact. Reinforce your understanding of these historical themes with this interactive quiz.
