Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care Chapter 2
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Questions and Answers

What does verbal communication include?

speaking

What do facial expressions represent?

nonverbal communication

Is skin rash objective or subjective?

objective

Is crying objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is rapid pulse objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is headache objective or subjective?

<p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is nausea objective or subjective?

<p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is vomiting objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is swelling objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is cloudy urine objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is feeling sad objective or subjective?

<p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is red area on skin objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is fever objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is dizziness objective or subjective?

<p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is wheezing objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is chest pain objective or subjective?

<p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is toothache objective or subjective?

<p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is coughing objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is fruity breath objective or subjective?

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is itchy arm objective or subjective?

<p>subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is used to observe residents' body or breath odor?

<p>smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is used to observe a change in residents' skin?

<p>sight</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is used to observe residents' words, tone, and breathing?

<p>hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is used to observe residents' skin and pulse?

<p>touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a root in terms of medical terminology?

<p>the word's basic meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prefix in medical terminology?

<p>comes before the root to give it a new meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a suffix in medical terminology?

<p>comes at the end of the word to make a new word</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should NAs use simple, non-medical terms when speaking with residents and their families?

<p>residents may not understand medical terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should call lights be placed in residents' rooms?

<p>near the residents' dominant hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of terminology should NAs avoid when communicating?

<p>medical</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of questions should be asked to elicit more than a 'yes' or 'no' answer?

<p>open ended</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cliches?

<p>phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of language should NAs be aware of while speaking?

<p>body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What promotes better communication when residents are difficult to understand?

<p>being patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can't NAs offer because it is not within their scope of practice?

<p>advice</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should 'why' be avoided when residents make statements?

<p>it often makes people feel defensive</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of words should not be used by NAs?

<p>slang</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would have been a better way for Mark to communicate with a hearing impaired resident?

<p>He shouldn't have yelled. He should have called her by her name again in a low, clear voice before tapping her shoulder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could Virginia have done to better assist Ms. Crawford with her visual impairment?

<p>Virginia should have explained to Ms. Crawford where the furniture was in the room.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is wrong with how Sabrina is communicating with Mrs. Rogers?

<p>Sabrina was being disrespectful and not understanding of Mrs. Rogers's needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would have been a better way for Serena to communicate with Mr. Morteno?

<p>Serena should have respected him and not lashed back at him. She could have asked him how could she improve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would have been a better way for Joan to respond to Mrs. Singer's behavior?

<p>She should have distracted Mrs. Singer, moved her to a private area, and told the nurse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should an NA arrange a signal when moving a resident?

<p>to make sure that everyone is moving together</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using proper body mechanics can help save energy and prevent injury.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

To avoid choking, residents should eat in a reclined position.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

When lifting an object, it is safer to hold it far away from the body.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Knees should be bent when lifting an object.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Liquids thickened to the consistency of honey are easier to swallow.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

To help guard against falls, all walkways should be clear of clutter.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Feet should be pointed toward the object that a person is lifting.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A high center of gravity gives a more stable base of support.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Keeping the feet close together gives the body the best base of support and keeps a person more stable.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a resident starts to fall, the NA should try to catch the resident to stop the fall.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Residents in wheelchairs should be facing the back of the elevator when riding the elevators.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nursing assistant should check the temperature of hot water with a bath thermometer before using the water.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Keeping call lights within a resident's reach can help prevent falls.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cuts most often occur in a person's bedroom.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Residents must be identified before helping with feeding or placing meal trays.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hot food or drinks should be placed on the edges of tables.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The safety data sheet (SDS) details chemical ingredients and dangers of products.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

An NA should call a resident by name as a way to identify the resident.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The correct way to move a wheelchair is for a NA to push it forward.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a fire occurs, an NA should...

<p>plug doorways to prevent smoke from entering.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an NA's first concern if a fire occurs?

<p>getting residents to safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PASS stand for?

<p>Pull the pin, Aim at base of fire, Squeeze the handle, Sweeping motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does RACE stand for?

<p>Remove anyone in danger, Activate Alarm or emergency response system, Contain fire if possible, Extinguish Fire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What guidelines apply in any disaster situation?

<p>remain calm, know all exits, know where the fire alarms are, and what actions to take.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When coming upon an emergency situation, what two important steps should the NA take first?

<p>make sure she is not in danger and notice the time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

First aid refers to...

<p>care given by the first people to respond to an emergency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an emergency occurs, the NA should immediately notify the...

<p>nurse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can someone usually tell if a person is choking?

<p>the choking victims will put his hands on his throat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should the hand be placed to give abdominal thrusts?

<p>under the person's arms and around his waist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a rescuer obtain consent to give a choking victim abdominal thrusts?

<p>rescuer asks victim 'are you choking?'</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the signs of shock include?

<p>pale or bluish skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a NA suspects that a resident is having a heart attack she should...

<p>loosen the clothing around the resident's neck.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To control bleeding, an NA should...

<p>hold a thick sterile pad against the wound and press down hard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To treat a minor burn, the NA should use...

<p>cool, clean water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should an NA assist a resident if he or she faints?

<p>lower the resident to the floor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a resident is first experiencing signs of insulin reaction, what needs to happen?

<p>food that can be rapidly absorbed, such as hard candy, should be consumed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a quick response to a suspected stroke/CVA critical?

<p>early treatment may reduce the severity of the stroke.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An NA will come into contact with microorganisms...

<p>every time the NA touches something.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines hand hygiene as...

<p>handwashing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rubs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Standard Precautions include the following measures...

<p>wearing gloves if there is a possibility of coming into contact with blood or body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should an NA not wear artificial nails to work?

<p>they harbor bacteria and increase risks of contamination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Standard precautions should be practiced on...

<p>every single person under an NA's care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Infections acquired in healthcare settings are called...

<p>Healthcare-associated infection (HAI).</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many times can disposable equipment be used before it needs to be discarded?

<p>one time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should sharps be discarded?

<p>sharps should be placed in biohazard containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long should a CNA use friction when lathering and washing his hands?

<p>20 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should dirty linen be rolled or folded?

<p>the dirty area should be inside.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dirty linens should be...

<p>carried away from NA's uniform.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Transmission-based precautions are used...

<p>in addition to standard precautions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dedicated equipment refers to...

<p>equipment that is used by only one resident.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bloodborne diseases can be transmitted by...

<p>infected blood entering the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In health care, the most common way to get a bloodborne disease is by...

<p>contact with infected blood or certain body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Employers must offer a free vaccine to protect NAs from...

<p>Hepatitis B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tuberculosis is...

<p>an airborne disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper way to put on PPE?

<p>Wash hands, gown, mask, goggles, gloves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper way to remove PPE?

<p>Gloves, goggles, mask, gown, wash hands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sterilization is a cleaning measure that destroys only pathogens, but not all microorganisms.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Communication

  • Verbal communication includes speaking directly to individuals.
  • Nonverbal communication encompasses facial expressions, body language, and gestures.
  • Listening patiently is crucial, especially when residents struggle to articulate their needs.

Objective vs. Subjective Observations

  • Objective observations are measurable and observable, e.g., skin rash, crying, rapid pulse.
  • Subjective observations are based on personal feelings or symptoms reported by the resident, e.g., headache, nausea, feeling sad.

Effective Communication Techniques

  • Use simple, non-medical terms to ensure understanding among residents and families.
  • Open-ended questions encourage dialogue and provide deeper insights into residents' needs.
  • Avoid cliches that lack meaning, as well as slang and profanity.

Senses in Assessment

  • Smell is essential for detecting odors from the body or breath.
  • Sight assists in observing skin changes.
  • Hearing is vital for interpreting words, tone, and breathing patterns.
  • Touch assists in assessing skin texture and pulse.

Terminology in Healthcare

  • A root provides the basic meaning of a word.
  • A prefix modifies the root to alter its meaning.
  • A suffix is added at the end of a word to create a new term.

Handling Special Needs

  • Call lights should be placed near the resident’s dominant hand for easy access.
  • When caring for residents with visual impairments, detailed explanations regarding surroundings can prevent accidents.

Behavior and Attitude

  • Respect and understanding are essential when communicating with residents who may be combative or withdrawn.
  • It's crucial to respond appropriately to residents with mental health disorders.

Emergency Protocols

  • When encountering an emergency, confirm the resident's safety and observe the situation carefully.
  • First aid is defined as immediate care given by first responders to an emergency.

Medical Emergencies

  • Recognize symptoms of choking, such as a person placing their hands on their throat.
  • Abdominal thrusts should be administered correctly to a choking victim.
  • Signs of shock include pale or bluish skin, indicating severe distress.

Infection Control and Safety

  • Handwashing is vital in preventing healthcare-associated infections; it is defined as the use of soap and water or alcohol-based rubs.
  • Standard precautions require gloves when potential exposure to bodily fluids exists.
  • Artificial nails should be avoided as they can harbor bacteria.

Waste Management and Equipment Use

  • Disposable equipment should only be used once before disposal.
  • Sharps must be discarded in biohazard containers to prevent injury.
  • Dirty linens should be rolled with the dirty side inside and carried away from the NA’s uniform.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

  • Proper protocol for donning PPE involves the sequence: Wash hands, gown, mask, goggles, and gloves.
  • Removal of PPE should follow the reverse order to minimize contamination.

Additional Safety Guidelines

  • Always check the temperature of hot water before use and ensure clear pathways to prevent falls.
  • Knowledge of immediate actions in the event of fires, such as containing the fire and safely evacuating residents, is essential.

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Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 2 of Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care. This quiz covers important terms related to verbal and nonverbal communication, as well as objective and subjective observations. Perfect for nursing students preparing for their exams!

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