Harem Polyandry and Sexual Dimorphism Quiz

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In Bateman's principle, which sex is considered the limiting factor of parental investment?

Neither males nor females

Both males and females

Females (correct)

Males

Which reproductive factor primarily limits male reproductive success?

Size difference between male and female gametes

Number of potential female partners (correct)

Nutrients for the fetus

Gestation periods

What is the term used to describe the difference in size between male and female gametes?

Anisogamy (correct)

Isogamy

Polygamy

Monogamy

Which mating system involves females having multiple male mates?

Polyandry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary implication of females being the limiting factor of parental investment?

Greater female parental investment Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of polyandry in the context of harem polyandry and 'sex role reversal'?

Females perform all parental care. Signup and view all the answers

In polyandry species like Saddleback Tamarins, what determines a female's reproductive success?

The number of males she mates with. Signup and view all the answers

Why is polyandry favored as a mating system according to the text?

When males become limiting resources for reproduction. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to both male and female reproductive success in wild Saddle-back Tamarins if they don't have nonreproductive helpers?

It increases. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the concept of sexual dimorphism in the context of polyandry?

Females are larger than males by 60% in mass. Signup and view all the answers

In lekking polygyny, what is the primary driver of male competition within the lek?

Attracting and mating with females Signup and view all the answers

According to Bateman's principle, which sex is expected to optimize the quality of their gametic contribution?

Females Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes female choice in lekking polygyny?

Females preferentially mate with centrally located or dominant males Signup and view all the answers

In species exhibiting lekking polygyny, which sex is expected to have higher variability in reproductive success?

Males Signup and view all the answers

According to Bateman's principle, what is the primary selective pressure on males in terms of reproductive success?

Optimizing the number of mating opportunities Signup and view all the answers

What type of mating system is typically favored when chicks can care for themselves early?

Polygyny Signup and view all the answers

How does certainty of paternity influence parental care and mating behavior?

It affects male parental care in mammals Signup and view all the answers

In species with internal fertilization, what phenomenon is discussed due to the uncertainty of paternity?

Infanticide Signup and view all the answers

Why is male parental care rare in mammals despite being typically polygynous?

As a result of internal gestation and lactation Signup and view all the answers

Why is male parental care often essential in bird species?

Since chicks must be fed in most species Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the mating system where one male mates with many females, usually more showy and larger than the males?

Polygynous Signup and view all the answers

In a leking polygyny system, what is the primary mechanism by which males compete for mates?

Displaying elaborate courtship rituals Signup and view all the answers

What type of sexual selection refers to an organism's ability to successfully copulate with a mate?

Sexual competition Signup and view all the answers

Which mating system is characterized by one female mating with many males, often with the males being more showy than the females?

Polyandrous Signup and view all the answers

What type of male competition is typically associated with the polygynous mating system?

Physical combat Signup and view all the answers

Why do cooperatively polyandrous groups involve two or more females mating with a single male?

To cooperate in raising the offspring. Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for most sexual dimorphism in species?

Sexual selection Signup and view all the answers

In species where females produce more eggs, what tends to favor larger females?

Fecundity selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for traits or features that correlate with health and vitality and are often prioritized by females when choosing mates?

Sexual ornaments Signup and view all the answers

Which gender of walruses typically have longer and wider tusks?

Males Signup and view all the answers

In a strongly polygynous mating system, what is the typical pattern of mate distribution among males?

Most males have no mates, while a dominant male has multiple mates. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of sexual selection involving female choice?

Females choose mates based on the elaborateness of their courtship displays. Signup and view all the answers

In a leking polygyny mating system, what is the typical pattern of male behavior?

Males congregate in specific areas to perform courtship displays. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the concept of male competition in sexual selection?

Males compete with each other for access to mates, which can involve physical combat, displays, or other means. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of sexual selection, what is the primary consequence of extravagant and colorful traits in males?

They increase the male's chances of attracting mates. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following mating systems is characterized by all males having the same mating success?

Monogamy Signup and view all the answers

In the context of sexual selection, what is the primary factor that determines a male's reproductive success?

The male's ability to attract and mate with females. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the concept of sexual selection?

It is a process that favors traits that increase an individual's ability to attract mates and reproduce. Signup and view all the answers

In a harem polygyny mating system, what is the typical pattern of mate distribution among females?

One dominant female has multiple mates, while other females have no mates. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between sexual selection and natural selection?

Sexual selection is a special case of natural selection. Signup and view all the answers