Haphazard Sampling Quiz and Flashcards: Research Methods

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between purposive sampling and snowball sampling?

Purposive sampling generates sociograms, while snowball sampling selects difficult-to-reach populations.

Purposive sampling targets specific cases, while snowball sampling relies on referrals. (correct)

Purposive sampling is used for in-depth investigations, while snowball sampling guarantees generalizability.

Purposive sampling selects participants randomly, while snowball sampling gathers referrals.

What is a potential limitation of using snowball sampling?

It always guarantees a statistically representative sample.

It ensures theoretical saturation is reached quickly.

It may introduce bias due to interconnected samples. (correct)

It allows for random selection of participants.

In the context of the text, what is 'deviant case sampling' primarily used for?

Reaching out to local EV clubs for referrals.

Selecting unique cases that are informative. (correct)

Gaining rich insights from interconnected samples.

Accessing undocumented immigrants through referrals.

Which method mentioned is associated with grounded theory approach?

Sequential sampling Signup and view all the answers

How does the snowball sampling method expand its sample size?

By asking participants to refer other potential participants. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic makes purposive sampling different from sequential sampling?

Sequential sampling continues until theoretical saturation is reached. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling and quota sampling?

Haphazard sampling involves getting cases in any convenient manner, while quota sampling involves getting a preset number of cases in predetermined categories. Signup and view all the answers

In the example provided, what bias is introduced by using haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling in the study on the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health?

The sample is biased towards students with strong opinions about social media or those with free time during lunch breaks. Signup and view all the answers

How does quota sampling ensure diversity in the sample in the study regarding consumer preferences on sustainable packaging?

By interviewing people of all age groups and genders from different socio-economic backgrounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary drawback of haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling as highlighted in the examples provided?

It can lead to biases in the sample selection process. Signup and view all the answers

Why might researchers opt for quota sampling despite its drawbacks?

To ensure a representative and diverse sample that includes various demographic groups. Signup and view all the answers

Which sampling method aims to reflect the diversity of the population by dividing it into subgroups based on specific criteria?

Quota sampling Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Haphazard (Convenience) Sampling

A non-probability sampling method where cases are selected conveniently, introducing biases
Example: Studying the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health by interviewing students at a local high school during lunch break
Bias: towards students with strong opinions or free time during the lunch break

Quota Sampling

A non-probability sampling method where a preset number of cases are selected from predetermined categories
Ensures diversity in the sample, but does not guarantee a statistically representative sample
Example: Studying consumer preferences on sustainable packaging, dividing the population into age and gender subgroups
Bias: does not randomly select participants, limiting generalizability

Purposive Sampling

A non-probability sampling method that selects cases that fit a specific criteria
Used to select unique cases, difficult-to-reach populations, or for in-depth investigations
Example: Studying early adopters of electric vehicles, selecting participants who have owned and used them for at least a year
Bias: may not be generalizable to all-electric vehicle owners or potential buyers

Snowball Sampling

A non-probability sampling method that uses referrals to select cases
Creates networks represented by sociograms
Example: Studying the living conditions of undocumented immigrants, using referrals from local NGOs and participants
Bias: may introduce bias due to non-random selection and interconnectedness, limiting generalizability

Sequential Sampling

A non-probability sampling method that continues until no new information or diversity is obtained
Similar to purposive sampling, related to theoretical sampling in grounded theory approach
Example: Assessing consumer attitudes towards a new eco-friendly product, stopping when no new information is obtained

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Description

Learn about haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling method in research, which involves getting cases in any convenient manner. Understand how this method can introduce biases in studies. Explore an example of studying the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health using this sampling technique.