12 Questions
What is the main difference between purposive sampling and snowball sampling?
Purposive sampling targets specific cases, while snowball sampling relies on referrals.
What is a potential limitation of using snowball sampling?
It may introduce bias due to interconnected samples.
In the context of the text, what is 'deviant case sampling' primarily used for?
Selecting unique cases that are informative.
Which method mentioned is associated with grounded theory approach?
Sequential sampling
How does the snowball sampling method expand its sample size?
By asking participants to refer other potential participants.
What characteristic makes purposive sampling different from sequential sampling?
Sequential sampling continues until theoretical saturation is reached.
What is a key difference between haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling and quota sampling?
Haphazard sampling involves getting cases in any convenient manner, while quota sampling involves getting a preset number of cases in predetermined categories.
In the example provided, what bias is introduced by using haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling in the study on the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health?
The sample is biased towards students with strong opinions about social media or those with free time during lunch breaks.
How does quota sampling ensure diversity in the sample in the study regarding consumer preferences on sustainable packaging?
By interviewing people of all age groups and genders from different socio-economic backgrounds.
What is the primary drawback of haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling as highlighted in the examples provided?
It can lead to biases in the sample selection process.
Why might researchers opt for quota sampling despite its drawbacks?
To ensure a representative and diverse sample that includes various demographic groups.
Which sampling method aims to reflect the diversity of the population by dividing it into subgroups based on specific criteria?
Quota sampling
Study Notes
Haphazard (Convenience) Sampling
- A non-probability sampling method where cases are selected conveniently, introducing biases
- Example: Studying the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health by interviewing students at a local high school during lunch break
- Bias: towards students with strong opinions or free time during the lunch break
Quota Sampling
- A non-probability sampling method where a preset number of cases are selected from predetermined categories
- Ensures diversity in the sample, but does not guarantee a statistically representative sample
- Example: Studying consumer preferences on sustainable packaging, dividing the population into age and gender subgroups
- Bias: does not randomly select participants, limiting generalizability
Purposive Sampling
- A non-probability sampling method that selects cases that fit a specific criteria
- Used to select unique cases, difficult-to-reach populations, or for in-depth investigations
- Example: Studying early adopters of electric vehicles, selecting participants who have owned and used them for at least a year
- Bias: may not be generalizable to all-electric vehicle owners or potential buyers
Snowball Sampling
- A non-probability sampling method that uses referrals to select cases
- Creates networks represented by sociograms
- Example: Studying the living conditions of undocumented immigrants, using referrals from local NGOs and participants
- Bias: may introduce bias due to non-random selection and interconnectedness, limiting generalizability
Sequential Sampling
- A non-probability sampling method that continues until no new information or diversity is obtained
- Similar to purposive sampling, related to theoretical sampling in grounded theory approach
- Example: Assessing consumer attitudes towards a new eco-friendly product, stopping when no new information is obtained
Learn about haphazard (convenience/accidental) sampling method in research, which involves getting cases in any convenient manner. Understand how this method can introduce biases in studies. Explore an example of studying the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health using this sampling technique.
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