Handling and Storage of Scheduled Waste
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Questions and Answers

What is the maximum number of drums that can be placed on a standard pallet?

  • 8 drums
  • 6 drums
  • 2 drums
  • 4 drums (correct)
  • What should the capacity of the containment for scheduled waste be?

  • 100% of the largest container
  • 120% of the largest container
  • 110% of the largest container (correct)
  • 80% of the largest container
  • Containers should be stored horizontally for stability.

    False

    What equipment should be used to move containers?

    <p>Forklift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The storage area must be _____ or covered with suitable covering material.

    <p>sheltered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Smoking is allowed in the scheduled waste storage area.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of personal protection equipment should waste handlers be provided with?

    <p>Suitable PPE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should inspections of stored containers be carried out?

    <p>Weekly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The storage area should be graded to a _____ for proper drainage.

    <p>sump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the scheduled waste group with its consequence of mixing:

    <p>Group 1-A = Heat generation, violent reaction Group 2-A = Release of toxic substances in case of fire or explosion Group 3-A = Fire or explosion; generation of flammable hydrogen gas Group 4-A = Fire, explosion or heat generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the chart provided in the content?

    <p>To identify hazards that can be expected when chemical wastes are mixed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All blanks in the chart indicate that the mixtures cannot result in hazards.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chart identifies hazards when mixing chemical wastes according to the _____ Schedule.

    <p>First</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following properties of waste are assessed? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Solubility in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be worn when handling waste?

    <p>Personal protective equipment like gloves and goggles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included on the labels for containers?

    <p>The date and type of waste stored.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following items is included in the scheduled wastes storage inspection checklist? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Containers stored within 180 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In case of spillage, appropriate _____ must be taken to prevent personal injury.

    <p>first aid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Visually inspecting containers for leakage is not necessary.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are responsibilities of waste generators according to the guidelines?

    <p>Ensure scheduled wastes are properly stored</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Scheduled wastes can be stored indefinitely at any location.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms of hazards must be communicated through labels for scheduled wastes?

    <p>Physical hazards, human health hazards, and environmental hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The guidelines for scheduled wastes management came into force on __________.

    <p>15th August 2005</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required storage capacity for scheduled waste containers?

    <p>At least 110% of the largest container stored</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be ensured when selecting storage containers for scheduled wastes?

    <p>That they are compatible with the scheduled wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Labelling requirements for scheduled waste containers are specified in Regulation 10.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A waste generator may apply in writing to the Director General to store more than __________ metric tonnes of scheduled wastes.

    <p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a secondary containment area?

    <p>A liquid-tight barrier that will contain hazardous materials released from a container</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics must not be mixed together in storage?

    <p>Incompatible scheduled wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Foreword

    • Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations, 2005 mandate proper packaging, labeling, and storage of hazardous wastes.
    • Waste generators must manage temporary storage of scheduled wastes to prevent leakages and environmental contamination.
    • Key factors include location selection, design of storage areas, container selection, and hazard communication.

    Introduction

    • Safe management of scheduled wastes is critical to protect human health and the environment.
    • Proper labels communicate hazards associated with scheduled wastes to handlers.
    • Waste generators are responsible for packaging wastes using suitable containers for safe handling, storage, and transport.

    Scope

    • Guidelines address legal requirements, site selection, design criteria for storage, container selection, labeling, and management of scheduled wastes.

    Definition

    • Waste Generator: Any individual or entity that produces scheduled wastes.
    • Storage Types:
      • On-site: Storage occurs within premises generating the waste.
      • Off-site: Storage occurs in separate facilities not producing the waste.
    • Container: Any device used for storing scheduled wastes.
    • Labeling: Requirement to indicate details on containers, compliant with specific regulations.
    • Regulation 8: Waste generators must ensure safe storage, treatment, and transport of scheduled wastes.
    • Regulation 9: Containers must be compatible, durable, and designed to prevent environmental spills.
    • Regulation 10: Containers must be labeled with pertinent information including waste characteristics, generator details, and appropriate waste codes.

    Site Selection and Design Criteria

    • On-site Storage:
      • Choose a designated area, distanced from active processing sites.
      • Avoid areas prone to flooding or heat sources.
    • Off-site Storage:
      • Locations must align with zoning guidelines and be situated in non-floodable industrial areas.
    • Storage Area Design:
      • Should be fenced, contain adequate signage, and feature impermeable floors with proper containment systems.
      • Capacity should account for 25% extra and comply with maximum storage duration of 180 days.

    Packaging and Labeling

    • Identifying Waste Characteristics: Use sampling, analysis, and reference to safety data sheets to ascertain waste hazards.
    • Container Selection: Must match scheduled waste traits to prevent reaction or degradation; containers include drums, bulk bags, and corrugated boxes.
    • Ensure containers are in good condition, appropriately sized, and specifically assigned for particular waste types to reduce cross-contamination.

    Hazardous Characteristics of Scheduled Wastes

    • Types include corrosive, explosive, infectious, inflammable, organic peroxides, oxidizing substances, toxic materials, and hazardous mixtures.
    • Proper precautions are critical when handling these wastes to mitigate risks.

    Management Practices

    • Store incompatible wastes separately in designated areas to prevent reactions.
    • Maintain vigilance regarding storage conditions to ensure environmental safety and compliance with regulatory standards.### Suggested Packaging for Scheduled Wastes
    • Bunghole Drum: Suitable for inorganic or organic liquid waste; should be without holes, bulges, or corrosion. Steel drums are not for corrosive wastes; plastic drums are compatible with most solvents except diethyl ether and chloroform.
    • Open Top Drum with Cover: For solid waste like sludge and pharmaceuticals; must be free from holes and corrosion. Steel drums should not store acidic or alkaline waste.
    • Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC): For waste streams such as oils, solvents, and acids; needs to be free from holes or cracks.
    • Jerrican / Carboy: For inorganic or organic liquid wastes including chemical solvents; must not have holes or cracks.
    • Containers for Clinical Waste: Designed specifically for clinical and pathogenic waste; must be free from holes or cracks.
    • Corrugated Box / Carton: For dry solid waste in small quantities without free-flow liquids; includes e-waste and expired drugs; no tears or holes allowed.
    • Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers (FIBCs): Optimal for dry solid waste without free-flow liquids; should ideally be high-density polyethylene and double-lined. Bags must not exceed 90% capacity before sealing.

    Labelling Requirements

    • Containers must have clear labels according to Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005.
    • Characteristic labels must be square (10 cm x 10 cm minimum), angled 45 degrees.
    • Colour standards follow British Standard BS 381 C, with specific references for French blue, canary yellow, signal red, and light orange.
    • Labels divided: upper half for pictorial symbols, lower half for text in block capitals. Text generally printed in black, or white for dark backgrounds.
    • Labels can be stick-on, metal plates, stencilled, or printed directly on containers.
    • Required label information includes waste generation date and waste generator details (name, address, phone number).
    • Labels should withstand exposure to weather and utilize contrasting background colors.

    Management of Scheduled Wastes

    • Incompatible wastes must be stored in separate containers to avoid hazardous reactions.
    • Secondary containment areas should be liquid-tight to manage spills.
    • Containers should stay closed, only opened for waste addition or removal.
    • Immediate action is necessary for leaking or compromised containers, requiring transfer to new containers.
    • Adequate storage tanks for bulk liquids must comply with fire regulations and provide 110% containment capacity.
    • Containers should be stored on pallets: maximum of 4 drums or 1 bag per standard pallet, with limited stacking tiers for safety.
    • Aisle space should be maintained for equipment movement, emergency access, and inspections.

    Safety and Training

    • Use appropriate equipment like forklifts to handle containers; do not push or drag.
    • Reactive wastes must be kept dry, with no smoking permitted in storage areas.
    • Containers must be robust for transportation, securely fastened on pallets with proper wraps.
    • Waste generators must provide a waste card with relevant information and ensure all employees handling wastes are trained in management protocols.
    • Documented emergency procedures should be available for all employees involved in waste management.

    Inspection Protocols

    • Weekly inspections of stored containers are required, with findings logged for reference.
    • A standard inspection checklist should be developed, updated, and kept on file.
    • Immediate corrective actions must follow any issues detected during inspections.
    • An accurate inventory of scheduled wastes must be maintained in compliance with regulations.### Scheduled Wastes of Potential Incompatibility
    • Mixing wastes in different groups can lead to hazardous situations, including heat generation and violent reactions.
    • Group 1-A (alkaline substances) and Group 1-B (acidic substances) can generate heat and violent reactions when mixed.
    • Group 2-A (toxic substances) mixed with Group 2-B (flammable solvents) poses risks of fire or explosion.
    • Reactive metals from Group 3-A mixed with Group 1 wastes can result in fires or explosions.
    • Group 4 substances (alcohols) mixed with concentrated Group 1 wastes may generate flammable toxic gases.
    • Group 5-A (reactive organic compounds) with concentrated Group 1 wastes can cause fire, explosion or violent reactions.
    • Spent cyanide solutions from Group 6-A mixed with Group 1-B wastes produce toxic gases.
    • Strong oxidizers from Group 7-A with organic acids (Group 7-B) can result in explosions or violent reactions.

    Labelling Requirements for Scheduled Wastes

    • Explosive Substances: Orange background with a black exploding bomb symbol (Label 1).
    • Inflammable Liquids: Red background with black/white flame symbol (Label 2).
    • Inflammable Solids: White background with vertical red stripes and a black flame symbol (Label 3).
    • Spontaneously Combustible Solids: Bicolor background (top white, bottom red) with a black flame symbol (Label 4).
    • Dangerous When Wet: Blue background with black/white flame symbol (Label 5).
    • Oxidizing Substances: Yellow background with black flame over circle symbol (Label 6).
    • Organic Peroxides: Same label as oxidizers (Label 7).
    • Toxic Substances: White background with black skull over crossbones symbol (Label 8).
    • Infectious Substances: White background with black crescents in a circle (Label 9).
    • Corrosive Substances: Black symbol of liquids attacking hand/metal on a bicolor background (Label 10).
    • Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances: White with black vertical stripes (Label 11).

    Compatibility Chart for Chemical Mixtures

    • Chemicals categorized into 21 reactivity groups based on their properties and potential reactions.
    • Specific reactions can result in heat generation, fire, toxic gas production, or explosion.
    • Mineral acids (Group 1) and organic acids (Group 3) have different consequences when mixed.
    • Alcohols (Group 4) can be highly reactive, causing fire or toxic gas generation.
    • Reactive metals (Group 21) can react violently or even undergo explosions when combined with acidic substances.
    • Mixtures of certain metals and chemicals can result in innocuous gas generation or violent polymerization.

    General Safety Notes

    • Proper labeling and knowledge of waste compatibility are crucial for safety in handling scheduled wastes.
    • Frequent reevaluation of storage and handling procedures is necessary to prevent hazardous incidents.

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    Learn about the proper storage and handling of scheduled waste, including the maximum number of drums on a standard pallet, containment capacity, and safety protocols.

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