Musculoskeletal Part 2 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which joints are generally spared from Heberden and Bouchard nodes in osteoarthritis?

  • Proximal interphalangeal joints
  • Hip joints
  • Metacarpophalangeal joints (correct)
  • Shoulder joints

    • What is the characteristic nature of Heberden nodes?

  • Swollen and red
  • Warm and tender
  • Hard and painless (correct)
  • Soft and painful

    • What age group is commonly affected by Heberden and Bouchard nodes?

  • Middle-aged or older adults (correct)
  • Elderly individuals over 80
  • Children and adolescents
  • Young adults in their 20s

    • Which deformity in the fingers is characterized by hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joints with fixed flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints?

    <p>Swan neck deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the less common finger deformity in chronic rheumatoid arthritis characterized by persistent flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint with hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint?

    <p>Boutonnière deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammatory nodules seen in the acute or chronic stage of rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Rheumatoid nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In chronic rheumatoid arthritis, which muscles may undergo atrophy due to the condition?

    <p>Interosseous muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial sign of a Dupuytren contracture?

    <p>Thickened band over the flexor tendon of the fourth finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What develops between the palm and finger in Dupuytren contracture?

    <p>Thickened fibrotic cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Dupuytren contracture, what is the characteristic of finger extension?

    <p>Limited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Finkelstein test?

    <p>To identify de Quervain tenosynovitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Finkelstein test, in which direction is the wrist moved?

    <p>Toward the midline in ulnar deviation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition does the Finkelstein test help identify?

    <p>De Quervain tenosynovitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fingers experience pain or numbness in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

    <p>Thumb, index, middle, and medial 4th fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assessed during Tinel’s sign for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

    <p>Tingling with tapping over the median nerve as it enters the carpal tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of Phalen’s sign in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

    <p>Numbness or tingling with pressing backs of hands together in acute flexion for 60 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the assessment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, what is checked for weak function?

    <p>Abduction or opposition of the thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of palpating for vertebral 'step-offs' in the lower lumbar area?

    <p>To identify if one spinous process seems unusually prominent or recessed in relation to the one above it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can step-offs in the lower lumbar area indicate?

    <p>Spondylolisthesis, or forward slippage of one vertebra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of spondylolisthesis in the lower lumbar area?

    <p>Compression of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does deformity of the thorax on forward bending, especially when the height of the scapulae is unequal, suggest?

    <p>Scoliosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most serious cause of low back pain that needs to be assessed for possible compression?

    <p>Cauda equina compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of cauda equina compression if not promptly assessed and managed?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Spurling test?

    <p>To test for cervical nerve root compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the Spurling test considered positive?

    <p>When the patient feels pain going down the arm on the same side the head is turned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done following the application of downward pressure in the Spurling test?

    <p>Use gentle traction to release pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause the pelvis to drop on the opposite side and produce a waddling gait known as Trendelenburg gait?

    <p>Abductor weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual adaptation to interrupt the smooth pattern of gait due to lack of knee flexion or foot dorsiflexion?

    <p>Circumduction of the longer leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when an individual stands up on the toes of the stance phase foot during the swing phase on the affected side to provide greater clearance?

    <p>Vaulting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test can be used to test for reproducible pain in suspected groin strain due to forced abduction of the hip from sports injury?

    <p>FABER (Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation) test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive FABER (Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation) test indicate?

    <p>Pathology of the hip or sacroiliac joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Patrick test assess for in suspected groin strain due to forced abduction of the hip from sports injury?

    <p>Reproducible pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the FABER test in suspected groin strain?

    <p>To test for reproducible pain with resisted adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive FABER test indicate in the context of suspected groin strain?

    <p>Pathology of the hip or sacroiliac joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of pain elicited with resisted adduction in the FABER test for suspected groin strain?

    <p>Indicates potential pathology of the hip or sacroiliac joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the FABER (Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation) test in suspected groin strain?

    <p>To test for reproducible pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed with a positive FABER (Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation) test in suspected groin strain?

    <p>Pain elicited with resisted adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the FABER test assess for in suspected groin strain?

    <p>Reproducible pain with forced abduction of the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Patrick test?

    <p>To assess for groin strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tested for in the assessment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome with Tinel’s sign?

    <p>Reproducible pain with percussion over the median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the FABER test assess for in suspected groin strain?

    <p>Reproducible pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Patrick test?

    <p>To test for reproducible pain in groin strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assessed during the Finkelstein test?

    <p>De Quervain tenosynovitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial sign of a Dupuytren contracture?

    <p>Inflammatory nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the FABER (Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation) test?

    <p>To test for reproducible pain in suspected groin strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to test for Hip Flexion Deformity?

    <p>Kendall test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a positive Kendall test is observed?

    <p>The affected hip rises off the table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by swelling over the patella?

    <p>Prepatellar bursitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of Heberden nodes?

    <p>Painful nodules at the base of the fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Patrick test assess for?

    <p>Hip joint pathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common trigger for prepatellar bursitis?

    <p>Excessive kneeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the bulge sign in the assessment of the knee joint?

    <p>To approximate the amount of fluid in the knee joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is performed on the patient during the bulge sign test?

    <p>Patient extends their knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a bulge on the medial side between the patella and the femur indicate during the bulge sign test?

    <p>A positive test for effusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive Trendelenburg test indicate?

    <p>Weakness on the side of the pelvis drop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic gait associated with a positive Trendelenburg test?

    <p>Waddling gait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive Trendelenburg test indicate about hip strength?

    <p>Weakness of the hip abductor muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Anterior Drawer Test, how is the proximal tibia manipulated?

    <p>Pulled anteriorly (toward the examiner)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does joint laxity indicate in the Posterior Drawer Test?

    <p>A positive test for a tear of the PCL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Posterior Drawer Test, how is the proximal tibia manipulated?

    <p>Pushed posteriorly (away from the examiner)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Lachman test performed?

    <p>Flex the patient's knee to 30º, stabilize the distal femur, and pull the proximal tibia anteriorly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive Lachman test indicate?

    <p>Tear of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Lachman test, what does joint laxity indicate?

    <p>A positive test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the McMurray test, what does pain or clicking during external tibial rotation, valgus stress, and knee extension indicate?

    <p>Medial meniscus dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the McMurray test, what is the position of the hip and knee when assessing for dysfunction of the medial meniscus?

    <p>Hip flexed to 60–90º, knee flexed to 90º</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Varus/Valgus test, what is assessed for when exerting a varus or valgus force on the knee?

    <p>Tear of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and/or medial collateral ligament (MCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Valgus (or Abduction) test, how is the thigh positioned?

    <p>Moved about 30° laterally to the side of the table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Valgus (or Abduction) test?

    <p>Assess for a tear of the medial collateral ligament (MCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does gapping or laxity of the joint during the Valgus (or Abduction) test indicate?

    <p>A positive test for a tear of the medial collateral ligament (MCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Varus (or Adduction) test, what does gapping or laxity of the knee joint indicate?

    <p>A tear of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Varus (or Adduction) test?

    <p>To assess for a tear of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Varus (or Adduction) test performed?

    <p>Push laterally against the knee and pull medially at the ankle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Anterior Drawer Test?

    <p>To assess for dysfunction of the anterior cruciate ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the knee respond during the Anterior Drawer Test if the ACL is intact?

    <p>It should have a firm endpoint with minimal movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does joint laxity indicate in the Anterior Drawer Test?

    <p>Dysfunction of the anterior cruciate ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does excessive movement during the Posterior Drawer Test suggest?

    <p>Insufficient or torn PCL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected degree of movement in the femur during the Posterior Drawer Test?

    <p>Minimal posterior movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does absent plantar flexion indicate during testing integrity of the Achilles Tendon?

    <p>Achilles tendon rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pain during movements of the ankle and foot help to localize?

    <p>Possible arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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