Haemorrhage: Causes, Signs, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
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Questions and Answers

What is haemorrhage classified into?

  • Traumatic and non-traumatic bleeding
  • Internal haemorrhage: bleeding within a body cavity or organ and External haemorrhage: bleeding from an open wound or body orifice (correct)
  • Surgical and medical bleeding
  • Internal and external bleeding

    • What is a cause of haemorrhage?

  • Allergic reaction
  • Nutritional deficiency
  • Trauma (correct)
  • Infection

    • What is a sign of internal haemorrhage?

  • Fever
  • Abdominal pain or tenderness (correct)
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Visible blood loss

    • What is used to diagnose haemorrhage?

    <p>Imaging studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a treatment for haemorrhage?

    <p>Control bleeding and fluid resuscitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is given to a patient with haemorrhage?

    <p>IV fluids and blood products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Definition and Classification

    • Haemorrhage: bleeding or loss of blood from the blood vessels
    • Classified into:
      • Internal haemorrhage: bleeding within a body cavity or organ
      • External haemorrhage: bleeding from an open wound or body orifice

    Causes of Haemorrhage

    • Trauma: injury to blood vessels
    • Surgery: accidental damage to blood vessels during surgical procedures
    • Bleeding disorders: e.g. haemophilia, thrombocytopenia
    • Cancer: tumour invasion of blood vessels
    • Vascular malformations: e.g. aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations
    • Medications: e.g. anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents

    Signs and Symptoms

    • External bleeding: visible blood loss
    • Internal bleeding:
      • Abdominal pain or tenderness
      • Vomiting blood or coffee ground emesis
      • Black, tarry stools (melena)
      • Pale, cool, or clammy skin
      • Fast heart rate or palpitations
      • Weakness, dizziness, or fainting

    Diagnosis

    • Physical examination
    • Imaging studies: e.g. CT, MRI, ultrasound
    • Laboratory tests: e.g. complete blood count, coagulation studies

    Treatment

    • Control bleeding: apply pressure, suturing, or ligation of blood vessels
    • Fluid resuscitation: administration of IV fluids and blood products
    • Surgical intervention: e.g. laparotomy, thoracotomy
    • Medications: e.g. vasopressors, blood clotting factors

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on haemorrhage, including its definition, classification, causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Learn about the different types of haemorrhage and how to manage them.

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