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Questions and Answers
What is the most common type of invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae?
How can Haemophilus influenzae invade the body and cause meningitis?
Which type of Haemophilus influenzae infection is usually serious and can sometimes result in death?
How does transmission of Haemophilus influenzae generally occur?
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Which of the following is NOT a common type of invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae?
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What does the Hib vaccine prevent?
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How does transmission of Haemophilus influenzae occur?
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Why doesn't the Hib vaccine prevent disease caused by the other types of H.influenzae?
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What is the main limitation of the Hib vaccine in preventing Haemophilus influenzae infections?
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Which of the following is a potential mode of transmission of Haemophilus influenzae infection in neonates?
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Why is invasive disease caused by H.influenzae usually serious and requires hospital treatment?
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Why is the Hib vaccine unable to prevent disease caused by the other types of H.influenzae?
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Study Notes
Invasive Diseases Caused by Haemophilus influenzae
- Most common invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae is meningitis.
- Serious type of Haemophilus influenzae infection is invasive disease resulting in septicemia, pneumonia, or epiglottitis, which can be fatal.
Mechanism of Infection
- Haemophilus influenzae can invade the body via the respiratory tract, entering the bloodstream and central nervous system, leading to meningitis.
- Invasive disease requires immediate hospital treatment due to severe complications and potential for rapid deterioration.
Transmission
- Transmission of Haemophilus influenzae generally occurs through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
- Potential modes of transmission in neonates include maternal colonization during childbirth or proximity to infected caregivers.
Hib Vaccine
- The Hib vaccine primarily prevents infections caused by type b strains of Haemophilus influenzae.
- It does not prevent disease from non-type b strains (e.g., type a, c, d, e, f) due to the vaccine's specific targeting of the type b polysaccharide capsule.
Limitations of the Hib Vaccine
- The main limitation of the Hib vaccine is its inability to provide immunity against other, non-type b strains of H. influenzae.
- Despite vaccination, individuals may still be susceptible to other types resulting in invasive diseases.
Conclusion
- Invasive diseases caused by H. influenzae require vigilant monitoring and medical intervention, particularly in vulnerable populations such as neonates and unvaccinated individuals.
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Description
Learn about the characteristics, serotypes and infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, a pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacillus commonly found in the human respiratory tract. Explore the differences between encapsulated and unencapsulated strains, with a focus on the well-known H.influenzae type b or Hib.
