Haemophilus Influenzae Bacteria Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae?

  • Infectious arthritis
  • Cellulitis
  • Epiglottitis
  • Pneumonia (correct)

How can Haemophilus influenzae invade the body and cause meningitis?

  • By ingestion of contaminated food or water
  • Via aspiration of amniotic fluid in neonates (correct)
  • Through direct contact with skin lesions
  • Through contact with infected animals

Which type of Haemophilus influenzae infection is usually serious and can sometimes result in death?

  • Meningitis (correct)
  • Infectious arthritis
  • Ear infections
  • Cellulitis

How does transmission of Haemophilus influenzae generally occur?

<p>Via direct contact with respiratory droplets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common type of invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae?

<p>Chickenpox (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Hib vaccine prevent?

<p>Invasive disease caused by encapsulated H.influenzae type b (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does transmission of Haemophilus influenzae occur?

<p>By direct contact with respiratory droplets from a nasopharyngeal carrier or case patient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why doesn't the Hib vaccine prevent disease caused by the other types of H.influenzae?

<p>The other types of H.influenzae have different capsular polysaccharides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of the Hib vaccine in preventing Haemophilus influenzae infections?

<p>It does not prevent infections caused by other types of H.influenzae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential mode of transmission of Haemophilus influenzae infection in neonates?

<p>Aspiration of amniotic fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is invasive disease caused by H.influenzae usually serious and requires hospital treatment?

<p>Because it often results in death if left untreated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Hib vaccine unable to prevent disease caused by the other types of H.influenzae?

<p>Because the other types have distinct capsular polysaccharides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia

A bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs, often leading to inflammation and fluid buildup.

Haemophilus influenzae meningitis

A serious infection of the brain and surrounding membranes caused by Haemophilus influenzae.

Transmission of Haemophilus influenzae

The main route of transmission for Haemophilus influenzae, primarily involving direct contact with respiratory secretions.

Hib Vaccine

A vaccine specifically designed to protect against invasive diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib).

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Haemophilus influenzae infection

A common type of Haemophilus influenzae infection that primarily affects the respiratory tract, causing symptoms like stuffy nose, cough, and sore throat.

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Invasive disease caused by H.influenzae.

A serious H.influenzae infection involving the brain and spinal cord membranes, potentially causing life-threatening complications.

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Limitation of Hib vaccine

A key factor limiting the effectiveness of the Hib vaccine, as it only targets a specific strain (type b).

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Aspiration of amniotic fluid

A potential mode of transmission of Haemophilus influenzae infection in newborns, typically occurring during delivery.

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Seriousness of Invasive H.influenzae disease

The reason why invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease is usually serious and requires hospitalization.

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Why Hib vaccine doesn't prevent all infections

The reason why the Hib vaccine cannot prevent all H.influenzae infections.

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Capsular polysaccharide

The distinguishing feature of different types of H.influenzae, contributing to the Hib vaccine's limited effectiveness.

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H.influenzae infection death

A life-threatening complication of Haemophilus influenzae infection, often requiring immediate medical intervention.

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Study Notes

Invasive Diseases Caused by Haemophilus influenzae

  • Most common invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae is meningitis.
  • Serious type of Haemophilus influenzae infection is invasive disease resulting in septicemia, pneumonia, or epiglottitis, which can be fatal.

Mechanism of Infection

  • Haemophilus influenzae can invade the body via the respiratory tract, entering the bloodstream and central nervous system, leading to meningitis.
  • Invasive disease requires immediate hospital treatment due to severe complications and potential for rapid deterioration.

Transmission

  • Transmission of Haemophilus influenzae generally occurs through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
  • Potential modes of transmission in neonates include maternal colonization during childbirth or proximity to infected caregivers.

Hib Vaccine

  • The Hib vaccine primarily prevents infections caused by type b strains of Haemophilus influenzae.
  • It does not prevent disease from non-type b strains (e.g., type a, c, d, e, f) due to the vaccine's specific targeting of the type b polysaccharide capsule.

Limitations of the Hib Vaccine

  • The main limitation of the Hib vaccine is its inability to provide immunity against other, non-type b strains of H. influenzae.
  • Despite vaccination, individuals may still be susceptible to other types resulting in invasive diseases.

Conclusion

  • Invasive diseases caused by H. influenzae require vigilant monitoring and medical intervention, particularly in vulnerable populations such as neonates and unvaccinated individuals.

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Description

Learn about the characteristics, serotypes and infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, a pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacillus commonly found in the human respiratory tract. Explore the differences between encapsulated and unencapsulated strains, with a focus on the well-known H.influenzae type b or Hib.

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