Questions and Answers
What is an example of an environmental factor that can positively affect a person's functioning?
What is the primary focus of rehabilitation measures that target body functions and structures?
What is the purpose of the 'Relate problems to rehabilitation goals' stage in the rehabilitation process?
Which of the following is an example of a personal factor that can influence how an impairment is experienced by an individual?
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What is the ultimate goal of the rehabilitation process?
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What type of factor can influence how an individual experiences an impairment?
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What is the purpose of the 'Plan, implement and coordinate interventions' stage in the rehabilitation process?
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What type of factor can have a positive or negative effect on a person's functioning?
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What is the primary focus of rehabilitation measures that target activities and participation?
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What is the purpose of the 'Assess effects' stage in the rehabilitation process?
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Study Notes
Improving Ability to Eat and Drink Independently
- Habilitation is needed for individuals who have never acquired a skill, while rehabilitation is needed for those who have lost a skill due to injury or illness.
- Examples of individuals who need habilitation or rehabilitation include those with below-knee amputation, developmental delay, and stroke.
Principles of Rehabilitation
- Rehabilitation should begin during the initial contact with the patient.
- Emphasis is on restoring patient independence as quickly as possible.
- The patient must be an active participant in the rehabilitation process.
- The goal is to motivate the patient and help them attain social independence.
Types of Rehabilitation
- Physical rehabilitation: helps patients restore use of muscles, bones, and nervous system through exercise and other techniques.
- Occupational rehabilitation: helps patients regain ability to do normal daily tasks by teaching new skills to adjust to disabilities.
- Speech rehabilitation: helps correct speech disorders or restore speech, and assists with eating and swallowing problems.
- Psychiatric rehabilitation: helps people with mental illness gain or improve skills while obtaining necessary resources and support.
Types of Rehabilitation According to Disorders
- Cardiac rehabilitation
- Stroke rehabilitation
- Kidney rehabilitation
- Tobacco rehabilitation
- Stress rehabilitation
- Alcohol rehabilitation
- Drug rehabilitation
- Many more
Rehabilitation Team
- Core group of medical professionals includes:
- Rehabilitation physiatrist/physician
- Physical therapist
- Occupational therapist
- Psychologist
- Rehabilitation engineer
- Rehabilitation nurse
- Social worker
- Speech-language pathologist
- Others (e.g. therapeutic recreational specialist)
Types of Teams
- Multidisciplinary: involves efforts of individuals from different disciplines, with each discipline relating to its own activities.
- Interdisciplinary: involves professionals contributing to a group effort on behalf of the patient, requiring skills for effective group interaction and resulting in a synergistic effect.
Why Coordinated Rehabilitation?
- To improve functional outcomes and reduce costs.
- Coordinated, multidisciplinary, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation services can be effective and efficient.
Concept of Client/Patient-Centred Care
- Patient-centred care is a philosophy that focuses on meeting the person's needs, values, and preferences.
- It involves fully involving the person's perspectives into care and optimising their experience with care.
Rehabilitation Process
- Rehabilitation process is a cycle that includes:
- Defining rehabilitation goals and target problems
- Relating problems to modifiable and limiting factors
- Planning, implementing, and coordinating interventions
- Assessing the effects of interventions
Rehabilitation Measures and Outcomes
- Rehabilitation measures target body functions, structures, activities, participation, environmental factors, and personal factors.
- Outcomes of rehabilitation include:
- Prevention of loss of function
- Slowing the rate of loss of function
- Improvement or restoration of function
- Compensation for loss of function
- Maintenance of current function
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Description
Determine whether individuals with various physical disabilities or impairments require habilitation or rehabilitation to improve their ability to eat, drink, or perform daily tasks independently.
