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Questions and Answers
An object moves in a circle with constant speed. How is the acceleration vector oriented?
An object moves in a circle with constant speed. How is the acceleration vector oriented?
- Tangent to the circular path, in the direction of motion.
- Toward the center of the circular path. (correct)
- Away from the center of the circular path.
- Tangent to the circular path, opposite the direction of motion.
Under constant acceleration, what best describes the behavior of an object's velocity?
Under constant acceleration, what best describes the behavior of an object's velocity?
- Velocity increases exponentially with time.
- Velocity increases linearly with time. (correct)
- Velocity decreases linearly with time.
- Velocity remains constant.
If a runner's position is constant over a period of time, which statement is true of their velocity during that same period?
If a runner's position is constant over a period of time, which statement is true of their velocity during that same period?
- The average velocity is zero. (correct)
- The average velocity is positive and constant.
- The velocity varies in a non-linear fashion.
- The average velocity cannot be determined.
A car accelerates from rest to $20 \frac{m}{s}$ in 5 seconds. What is the average acceleration of the car?
A car accelerates from rest to $20 \frac{m}{s}$ in 5 seconds. What is the average acceleration of the car?
The slope of a position vs. time graph represents which quantity?
The slope of a position vs. time graph represents which quantity?
What does the area under a velocity vs. time curve represent?
What does the area under a velocity vs. time curve represent?
Consider a position vs. time plot where the position is described by $x(t) = 3t^2 + 2t + 1$. What is the instantaneous velocity at time $t = 2$?
Consider a position vs. time plot where the position is described by $x(t) = 3t^2 + 2t + 1$. What is the instantaneous velocity at time $t = 2$?
An object's acceleration is described by the function $a(t) = 4t$. If the object starts from rest, what is the object's velocity at $t = 3$?
An object's acceleration is described by the function $a(t) = 4t$. If the object starts from rest, what is the object's velocity at $t = 3$?
A car accelerates at a constant rate of $10 rac{m}{s^2}$ on a straight track of 20 meters leading to a ravine. To clear the ravine, the car needs a minimum speed of $40 rac{m}{s}$ at the end of the track. What is the minimum initial velocity, $v_0$, required for the car to successfully clear the ravine?
A car accelerates at a constant rate of $10 rac{m}{s^2}$ on a straight track of 20 meters leading to a ravine. To clear the ravine, the car needs a minimum speed of $40 rac{m}{s}$ at the end of the track. What is the minimum initial velocity, $v_0$, required for the car to successfully clear the ravine?
Car #3 has a velocity described by the function $v_3 = \alpha t^5$, where $\alpha = 0.2 rac{m}{s^6}$. What is Car #3's acceleration, $a_3$, as a function of time?
Car #3 has a velocity described by the function $v_3 = \alpha t^5$, where $\alpha = 0.2 rac{m}{s^6}$. What is Car #3's acceleration, $a_3$, as a function of time?
A car is navigating an icy road that forms a quarter circle with a radius of 30 meters. If the car accelerates faster than $14 rac{km}{hour \cdot second}$, it will slide. Under these conditions, what is the shortest time the car can complete the turn without sliding?
A car is navigating an icy road that forms a quarter circle with a radius of 30 meters. If the car accelerates faster than $14 rac{km}{hour \cdot second}$, it will slide. Under these conditions, what is the shortest time the car can complete the turn without sliding?
Bob is standing on the ground observing an airplane, a balloon, and a car on a windy day. Which of the following introduces relative motion considerations?
Bob is standing on the ground observing an airplane, a balloon, and a car on a windy day. Which of the following introduces relative motion considerations?
A car starts from rest and accelerates at a constant rate of $5 m/s^2$ for a distance of 10 meters. What is the car's final velocity?
A car starts from rest and accelerates at a constant rate of $5 m/s^2$ for a distance of 10 meters. What is the car's final velocity?
An object's velocity is given by $v(t) = 3t^2 + 2t$. What is the object's acceleration at $t = 2$ seconds?
An object's velocity is given by $v(t) = 3t^2 + 2t$. What is the object's acceleration at $t = 2$ seconds?
A car moves around a circular track with a radius of 50 meters. If the car's maximum acceleration is $4 m/s^2$, what is the maximum possible speed the car can maintain without sliding off the track?
A car moves around a circular track with a radius of 50 meters. If the car's maximum acceleration is $4 m/s^2$, what is the maximum possible speed the car can maintain without sliding off the track?
A plane is flying north at $200 m/s$ relative to the air. If there is a wind blowing east at $50 m/s$, what is the magnitude of the plane's velocity relative to the ground?
A plane is flying north at $200 m/s$ relative to the air. If there is a wind blowing east at $50 m/s$, what is the magnitude of the plane's velocity relative to the ground?
Using Bob's measurements, what is the y-component of the plane's velocity relative to Bob?
Using Bob's measurements, what is the y-component of the plane's velocity relative to Bob?
If $\vec{v}{p/B}$ represents the plane's velocity relative to Bob, and $\vec{v}{c/B}$ represents the car's velocity relative to Bob, which of the following expressions gives the plane's velocity relative to the car, $\vec{v}_{p/c}$?
If $\vec{v}{p/B}$ represents the plane's velocity relative to Bob, and $\vec{v}{c/B}$ represents the car's velocity relative to Bob, which of the following expressions gives the plane's velocity relative to the car, $\vec{v}_{p/c}$?
What is the x-component of the plane's velocity relative to the car?
What is the x-component of the plane's velocity relative to the car?
If the plane's velocity relative to the car is $\vec{v}_{p/c} = 60 \frac{m}{s}\hat{i} - 70 \frac{m}{s}\hat{j}$, what is the angle the plane's velocity makes with respect to the x-axis, according to the car?
If the plane's velocity relative to the car is $\vec{v}_{p/c} = 60 \frac{m}{s}\hat{i} - 70 \frac{m}{s}\hat{j}$, what is the angle the plane's velocity makes with respect to the x-axis, according to the car?
A cannon is fired at an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with respect to the ground and is a distance $D = 50$ meters away from a wall. If the cannonball hits the wall straight on, what does this imply about the vertical component of the cannonball's velocity at the moment of impact?
A cannon is fired at an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with respect to the ground and is a distance $D = 50$ meters away from a wall. If the cannonball hits the wall straight on, what does this imply about the vertical component of the cannonball's velocity at the moment of impact?
A cannonball is fired at a wall 50 meters away with an angle of $10^{\circ}$. What kinematic condition must be met for the cannonball to hit the wall 'straight on'?
A cannonball is fired at a wall 50 meters away with an angle of $10^{\circ}$. What kinematic condition must be met for the cannonball to hit the wall 'straight on'?
A cannonball is fired towards a wall. Assuming the cannonball hits the wall 'straight on', what can be inferred about the relationship between the launch angle $\theta$ and the velocity components at the time of impact?
A cannonball is fired towards a wall. Assuming the cannonball hits the wall 'straight on', what can be inferred about the relationship between the launch angle $\theta$ and the velocity components at the time of impact?
A cannon is positioned 50 meters away from a wall that is 10 meters high. The cannonball is fired at an angle of $10^{\circ}$ relative to the ground and hits the wall 'straight on.' Which statement is most accurate?
A cannon is positioned 50 meters away from a wall that is 10 meters high. The cannonball is fired at an angle of $10^{\circ}$ relative to the ground and hits the wall 'straight on.' Which statement is most accurate?
Flashcards
Circular Motion Acceleration
Circular Motion Acceleration
Acceleration in circular motion is the speed squared divided by the radius.
Direction of Acceleration in Circular Motion
Direction of Acceleration in Circular Motion
Points towards the center of the circular path.
Velocity Formula (Constant Acceleration)
Velocity Formula (Constant Acceleration)
Velocity as a function of time with constant acceleration.
Position Formula (Constant Acceleration)
Position Formula (Constant Acceleration)
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Derivative Definition
Derivative Definition
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Integral Definition
Integral Definition
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Average Velocity
Average Velocity
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Average Acceleration
Average Acceleration
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Cartesian Coordinate System (Navigation)
Cartesian Coordinate System (Navigation)
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Relative velocity notation: Vp/B
Relative velocity notation: Vp/B
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Relative Velocity Formula
Relative Velocity Formula
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Equation for Plane's Velocity Relative to Car
Equation for Plane's Velocity Relative to Car
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Angle of a Vector
Angle of a Vector
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Formula to Find Angle from Components
Formula to Find Angle from Components
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Projectile Motion
Projectile Motion
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Launch Angle (Projectile Motion)
Launch Angle (Projectile Motion)
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Minimum Initial Velocity ($v_0$)
Minimum Initial Velocity ($v_0$)
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Instantaneous Acceleration
Instantaneous Acceleration
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Acceleration Function
Acceleration Function
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Maximum Velocity on a Curve
Maximum Velocity on a Curve
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Minimum Time for a Turn
Minimum Time for a Turn
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Centripetal Acceleration
Centripetal Acceleration
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Relative Velocity
Relative Velocity
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Vector Notation
Vector Notation
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Study Notes
- Answers without work receive no points.
Circular Motion
- Acceleration in circular motion is related to the speed (v) of the object and radius (R) of the circle by the formula: a = v²/R
- The direction of the acceleration vector in circular motion is towards the center of the circular path.
Kinematic Equations: Constant Acceleration
- Velocity as a function of time with constant acceleration: v(t) = at + v₀
- Position as a function of time with constant acceleration: r(t) = (1/2)at² + v₀t + r₀
Calculus Definitions
- Derivative: It is the ratio of two very small quantities, or the slope of a plot.
- Integral: It is the summation of many very small terms (infinite number of infinitesimal things) or the area under a curve of a plot.
Kinematic Plots Problem
- A runner's motion is analyzed using a position vs. time graph.
- The average velocity of the plot is 0.
- Velocity at t = 5s is -2.5 m/s.
- Velocity at t = 15s is 5 m/s.
- The average acceleration is 0.125 m/s².
1-D Motion Problem
- Scenario: A car accelerates at a constant rate of 10 m/s² towards a ravine 20 meters away, with a ramp at the end.
- The car needs a minimum speed of 40 m/s to clear the ravine; the minimum initial velocity, v₀, needed is calculated.
- Calculated minimum initial velocity: v₀ = 34.6 m/s.
- A third car has a velocity defined as a function of time; Its acceleration is determined given v₃ = αt⁵, where α = 0.2 m/s⁶.
- Car #3's acceleration as a function of time: a₃ = 5αt⁴
Circular Motion on Icy Road
- Problem: A car makes a turn on an icy road shaped like a quarter circle with a radius of 30 meters.
- The car slides if it accelerates faster than a = 14 km/(hour*second).
- The task involves finding the shortest time the car could make this turn in seconds.
- Time = 4.36 s
Relative Velocity and Vector Notation
- Bob observes an airplane, a balloon, and a car on a windy day, using a Cartesian coordinate system.
- North is the y-direction, East is the x-direction.
Provided velocities
- Airplane: vₚ/ʙ = 80î - 90ĵ m/s
- Balloon: vb/ʙ = 10î m/s
- Car: vc/ʙ = 20î - 20ĵ m/s
- The plane's velocity relative to the car: vₚ/c = 60î - 70ĵ m/s
- The angle of the plane's velocity relative to the car, measured from the x-axis: θ = 49.4°
Projectile Motion Problem
- A cannon is 50 meters from a wall that is 10 meters high. The cannonball is fired at an angle of 10° with the ground.
- The initial speed the cannonball needs to hit the wall straight on is 53.6 m/s.
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