Gyro-Compass Principles and Errors
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Questions and Answers

What principle allows a gyro-compass to maintain its orientation?

  • Gyroscopic Drift
  • Magnetic Alignment
  • Rigidity in Space (correct)
  • Centrifugal Force

Which type of error becomes more pronounced with increasing latitude?

  • Latitude Error (correct)
  • Static Error
  • Ballistic Deflection
  • Dynamic Error

What correction method utilizes a table to adjust for discrepancies in the ship's heading?

  • Manual Calibration
  • Temperature Error Correction
  • Quadrantal Error Correction (correct)
  • Automatic Correction Algorithms

What type of error is caused by misalignment during installation?

<p>Static Error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following errors can occur during rapid acceleration or deceleration of a ship?

<p>Ballistic Deflection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to correct temperature fluctuations affecting the gyro's performance?

<p>Temperature Error Correction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which error results from the tilting or oscillation of the compass due to ship movement?

<p>Gimbal Error (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is commonly used in modern gyro-compasses to enhance accuracy without manual correction?

<p>Automatic Correction Algorithms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the gimbal in a gyrocompass system?

<p>To maintain the gyroscope's orientation to true north (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the lubber's line in a gyro compass?

<p>It indicates the direction of the vessel's bow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the gyro compass provides the correct environment for the gyroscope to function effectively?

<p>Compass bowl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a gyro repeater enhance navigation in ships and aircraft?

<p>By displaying compass information at various locations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a master gyro compass important for navigation on ships?

<p>It ensures reliable indication of true north (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the azimuth circle measure in relation to the gyro compass?

<p>The true heading of the vessel in degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the gyro repeater in a navigation system?

<p>It displays the heading at remote locations from the main compass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does the compass card serve in a gyro compass system?

<p>To show the heading relative to true north (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a gyro compass from a magnetic compass?

<p>A gyro compass aligns itself with the Earth's axis of rotation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for all ships over 500 gross tonnage regarding gyro compasses?

<p>They must be able to transmit data to all instruments requiring this information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physical principle primarily allows the gyro compass to maintain its orientation?

<p>The gyroscopic effect and angular momentum. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the gyro compass helps stabilize the device against a ship's motion?

<p>Pendulum-like dampers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which century was the gyroscope, the basis for the gyro compass, first developed?

<p>19th Century (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who demonstrated the Earth's rotation using a gyroscope?

<p>Jean-Bernard-Léon Foucault (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of a magnetic compass compared to a gyro compass?

<p>It is affected by magnetic fields from metal structures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the gyro compass must be corrected to maintain its alignment?

<p>The forces of gravity and Earth's rotation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gyro-Compass Rigidity in Space

The property of a spinning gyroscope to maintain its axis of rotation, regardless of base motion.

Latitude Error (Gyro-Compass)

Error in gyro-compass readings due to Earth's rotation varying with latitude.

Static Error (Gyro-Compass)

Compass inaccuracy caused by initial misalignment during installation.

Ballistic Deflection (Gyro-Compass)

Gyro-compass error during rapid ship acceleration/deceleration.

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Gimbal Error (Gyro-Compass)

Compass inaccuracy due to ship's tilting or oscillation.

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Dynamic Errors (Gyro-Compass)

Gyro-compass errors influenced by changes in ship's speed and course.

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Quadrantal Error Correction

Method to correct gyro-compass errors related to heading relative to magnetic influences.

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Gyro-Compass maintenance

Regular maintenance and proper alignment of gimbal system.

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What is a Gimbal?

A gimbal is a set of rings that allow a gyroscope to rotate freely in any direction, regardless of the motion of the ship. This keeps the gyro's axis of rotation pointed towards true north, even if the ship is moving or turning.

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What is a Gyro Compass?

A gyrocompass is a navigation instrument that uses a spinning gyroscope to determine true north. Unlike magnetic compasses, it's not affected by the Earth's magnetic field.

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What is a Gyro Repeater?

A gyro repeater is a device that displays the heading information from a gyro compass at different locations on a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle.

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What is a Master Gyro Compass?

The master gyro compass is the main gyro compass on a ship. It provides the most accurate and reliable heading information for navigation.

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Compass Card

The Compass Card is a component of a gyro compass that displays the ship's heading or orientation relative to true north.

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Lubber's Line

Lubber's Line is a fixed reference mark on a compass card that shows the direction of the ship's bow.

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Compass Bowl

The Compass Bowl is the enclosure that houses the gyroscope and other components of a gyro compass. It provides a stable environment for the gyroscope to operate correctly.

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Azimuth Circle

The azimuth circle is part of a gyro compass that measures and displays the ship's heading in relation to true north.

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Gyro Compass

A navigation tool that uses a gyroscope to point to true north, unaffected by magnetic interference.

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True North

The geographical North Pole, the actual axis of the Earth's rotation.

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Magnetic Compass

A compass that points to magnetic north, affected by metal structures and magnetic fields.

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Gyroscope

A spinning wheel or disk that resists changes in its orientation due to its angular momentum.

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Angular Momentum

The tendency of a rotating object to continue rotating in the same direction.

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Why is a Gyro Compass helpful?

It provides a reliable and accurate direction reference, unaffected by magnetic interference from metal structures, crucial for navigation.

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What does the Gyro Compass Resist?

Changes in orientation caused by external forces like gravity and the ship's motion.

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What's the difference between a magnetic compass and a gyro compass?

A magnetic compass points to magnetic north, influenced by magnetic fields, whereas a gyro compass points to true north, unaffected by magnetic distractions.

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Study Notes

Gyro-Compass Principles

  • Gyro-compasses maintain orientation due to rigidity in space.
  • A spinning gyroscope's axis of rotation remains constant, regardless of the base's movement.
  • This property allows the gyro-compass to point to true north.

Gyro-Compass Errors

  • Latitude Error: Rotation of the Earth impacts the gyro-compass differently at various latitudes.
  • This error increases as latitude increases.
  • The error significantly influences readings when navigating at different latitudes.
  • Static Error: Misalignment during installation compromises compass accuracy. Precise installation and careful alignment minimize this error.
  • Ballistic Deflection: Changes in ship speed (acceleration/deceleration) can displace the gyro's axis, generating compass readings errors.

Correction Methods

  • Quadrantal Error Correction: Utilizing quadrantal error correctors or compensations tables allows adjustments based on the ships' heading to correct for magnetic influences.
  • Automatic Correction Algorithms: Modern compasses have automatic adjustments for changes in speed and course.
  • Temperature Error Correction: Temperature fluctuations affect compass accuracy. Correcting for such errors is essential for precision.
  • Gimbal Error: Tilting/oscillation of the compass due to ship movement causes inaccuracies in heading.
  • Dynamic Errors: Changes in speed/course impact readings. Correcting for these dynamic factors is necessary for precise readings.

Maintenance

  • Regular maintenance and gimbal alignment are vital for minimizing gimbal errors.
  • Good care contributes to accuracy and reliability, particularly in challenging navigation conditions.

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Related Documents

Gyro-Compass Errors & Principles PDF
Gyro Compass PDF

Description

Explore the fundamental principles of gyro-compasses, including how they maintain orientation and the common errors that can affect their accuracy. This quiz will cover latitude errors, static errors, and correction methods to ensure precise navigation. Test your understanding of these concepts and improve your navigational skills.

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