Gynecology High-Yield Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the causes of menorrhagia?

  • Congenital uterine abnormality, endometrial or cervical polyps, bleeding tendency
  • Fibroids, endometriosis, endometrial cancer (correct)
  • Pelvic infection, IUCD, hormone-producing tumors
  • Anticoagulant use, Wilson’s disease, menorrhagia

What are contraindications to IUCD?

  • Copper allergy, Wilson’s disease, menorrhagia (correct)
  • Hormone-producing tumors, anticoagulant use, dysmenorrhea
  • Congenital uterine abnormality, pelvic infection, endometrial cancer
  • Fibroids, endometriosis, endometrial or cervical polyps

What is the contraceptive method of choice in a woman >40 years with heavy periods?

  • Combined oral contraceptive pills
  • Barrier methods like condoms
  • Progestin IUD such as Mirena (correct)
  • Copper IUD

What does a DMA scan show in osteoporosis?

<p>BMD of less than -2.5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle modifications are recommended for osteoporosis?

<p>Smoking cessation, exercise, weight loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is the mainstay of treatment in osteoporosis?

<p>Bisphosphonates such as alendronic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Denosumab work in osteoporosis?

<p>RANKL inhibition, decreases bone resorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the caution associated with SERMs like raloxifene in osteoporosis treatment?

<p>DVT/PE/stroke (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the treatment options available for post-menopausal osteoporosis with dietary deficiency or steroid use?

<p>Vitamin D and calcium supplements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of menopause?

<p>1 year of amenorrhea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are possible adverse outcomes of menopause?

<p>Osteoporosis, CVD, stroke (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective treatment for hot flashes in menopause?

<p>Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of grey/white, thin, fishy vaginal discharge with no soreness?

<p>Bacterial vaginosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of cottage cheese-like, thick, creamy discharge with pruritis?

<p>Candidiasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do we diagnose and treat STIs caused by chlamydia?

<p>Diagnosed with appropriate swabs sent for NAAT, treated with doxycycline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What breast condition requires urgent referral for incision and drainage (I+D) within 24 hours?

<p>Abscess (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should mastitis be referred?

<p>If symptoms do not resolve within 48 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the biochemical indicators of menopause?

<p>Low estrogen, elevated LH/FSH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest cause of vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age?

<p>Bacterial vaginosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate management for a child presenting with bronchiolitis?

<p>Supportive treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely diagnosis for a child presenting with a mass in the right upper quadrant, pallor between attacks, and intermittent severe abdominal pain?

<p>Intussusception (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medication used to treat burning foot sensation in diabetic patients?

<p>Carbamazepine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the most appropriate investigation for an elderly patient presenting with tiredness, fatigue, dyspepsia, and anemia?

<p>Upper GI endoscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the presenting features of cerebellar disease?

<p>Intentional tremor, wide-based gait, slurred speech (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the presenting symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

<p>Calf swelling, erythema, tenderness, fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the causative virus for Hand, Foot, and Mouth (HFM) disease?

<p>Coxsackie virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the bone mineral density (BMD) values indicating osteopenia?

<p>T-score between -1 and -2.5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by trichomonas vaginalis?

<p>Metronidazole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for gonococcal STIs?

<p>IM ceftriaxone and PO azithromycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line emergency contraception method?

<p>Cu-IUD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important parameter to check before starting Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs)?

<p>Renal function tests or eGFR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a 60-year-old male with anemia, what is the next best step?

<p>Colonoscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the case of unilateral epistaxis in a child, what is the most likely cause?

<p>Foreign body (FB) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a 55-year-old individual with hypertension or of African/Caribbean descent, what is the first-line treatment?

<p>CCB like amlodipine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line emergency contraception?

<p>Copper Intrauterine Device (Cu-IUD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important parameter to check before starting Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs)?

<p>Renal function tests or eGFR (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Unilateral epistaxis in a child is most likely caused by:

<p>Foreign body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the CHA2DS2VASc score used for?

<p>Evaluating stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of anemia commonly associated with menorrhagia?

<p>Microcytic hypochromic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a 60-year-old male with anemia, what is the next best step?

<p>Colonoscopy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for hypertension in a 55-year-old African/Caribbean individual?

<p>Calcium channel blockers (CCB) like amlodipine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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