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Questions and Answers

What is the scanning time for the full Earth image in Mode 6?

  • 20 minutes
  • 15 minutes
  • 10 minutes (correct)
  • 5 minutes

    • Which channels have a nadir spatial resolution of 0.5 to 1 km?

  • Visible channels (correct)
  • Infrared channels
  • Both visible and infrared channels
  • None of the above

    • What is the nominal center wavelength for ABI?

  • 4 K
  • Less than 3 um
  • 180 K (correct)
  • Greater than 3 um

    • What is the unit of measure for the Radiances product produced by the Ground Segment in bands less than 3 um?

    <p>W/(m2 sr um) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of observing cold space with ABI?

    <p>To remove warm telescope background (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit of ABI is responsible for collecting the scene radiance and converting it to digital counts?

    <p>Sensor Unit (SU) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the Cryocooler Control Electronics (CCE) units mounted in ABI?

    <p>On the -Y module panel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Electronics Unit (EU) in ABI?

    <p>Command and control of the Sensor Unit (SU) and Cryocooler Control Electronics (CCE) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subsystem of the Sensor Unit (SU) provides structural support for all other subsystems and establishes mechanical alignment to the spacecraft?

    <p>Optical Bench (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subsystem of the Sensor Unit (SU) is responsible for collecting the scene radiance and converting it to digital counts?

    <p>Telescope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subsystem of the Sensor Unit (SU) is described in a later section on calibration during operations?

    <p>Optical Port Sunshield (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subsystem of the Sensor Unit (SU) provides line-of-sight pointing capability?

    <p>EW and NS scanner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Solar Calibration Assembly?

    <p>Provides radiometric calibration target for visible and near-infrared channel detectors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Active Cooler (Cryocoolers) in ABI?

    <p>Provides cooling capability and thermal control of detectors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Optical Port Sunshield Assembly (OPSA) protects ABI against contamination prior to launch and solar intrusion throughout the launch and orbit-raising portions of the mission?

    <p>Optical Port Cover (OPC) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Scan Drive Assembly (SDA) in the Sensor Unit (SU)?

    <p>To control the motor that opens the Optical Port Cover (OPC) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the spring-loaded hinges in the Optical Port Cover (OPC)?

    <p>To automatically open the OPC after launch lock release (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the ABI optical system separates the incoming radiance into VNIR and infrared spectral components?

    <p>VIS/IR beamsplitter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Aft Optics in the ABI optical system?

    <p>To provide co-alignment of the FPMs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature at which the LWIR and MWIR optics and FPMs are maintained in the ABI optical system?

    <p>60K (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spectral band has the highest number of spectral channels?

    <p>VNIR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of wavelengths covered by the MWIR FPM?

    <p>3.9 µm to 8.5 µm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Focal Plane Modules (FPMs) converts the filtered image into analog signals?

    <p>Video processor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Thermal Control ABI is responsible for transferring excess energy from the Sensor Unit to the radiator?

    <p>Loop Heat Pipe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Thermal Control ABI radiates excess thermal energy to space?

    <p>Radiator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Thermal Control ABI works in concert with the radiator to reject excess thermal energy to space?

    <p>Loop Heat Pipe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the ABI optical system is responsible for cooling the focal plane arrays to their requisite cryogenic temperatures?

    <p>Cryocooler (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Cryocooler Control Electronics (CCE) in ABI?

    <p>To operate the cryocoolers individually or together (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the loop heat pipes in the ABI thermal control system?

    <p>To transport solar heat to the radiator/LHP assembly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of heater in the ABI system is used to drive off contaminates from the optical surfaces prior to cooling the Aft Optics to cryogenic temperatures?

    <p>Outgas heater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit in the ABI system contains the bulk of the CCAs and interfaces between the spacecraft and the other ABI units?

    <p>Electronics Unit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Cryocooler Control Electronics (CCE) in ABI?

    <p>To control the cryocoolers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Scanner Interface and Motor Driver (SIMD) in the ABI system?

    <p>Controls the motion of the scan mirrors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit in the ABI system is responsible for generating system clocks and handling ABI telemetry?

    <p>Telemetry and Timing (TNT) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Video Processors (VPs) in the Sensor Unit Electronics (SUE)?

    <p>To collect the detector samples from the FPAs and format the data for transmission to the Data Processor in the EU (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Peripheral and Thermal Control (P&TC) electronics in the Sensor Unit Electronics (SUE)?

    <p>To provide thermal and mechanism control for the Sensor Unit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Electronics Unit (EU) in the ABI system?

    <p>To provide command and control, data processing, telemetry gathering, and scan control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the ABI system is responsible for maintaining the cold head at its set point temperature?

    <p>Cryocooler Control Electronics (CCE) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of ABI's swath-based timeline architecture?

    <p>Interleaving the collection of swaths from multiple scenes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a stare in ABI's data collection?

    <p>Calibration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which axis of the Fixed Grid Frame (FGF) coordinate system points south?

    <p>y-axis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the origin of the Fixed Grid Frame (FGF) coordinate system located?

    <p>At the ideal sub-satellite point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two perspectives offered by Figure 3-15 in relation to the Fixed Grid Frame (FGF) coordinate system?

    <p>Elevation and azimuth angles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which angles in the ABI scan system are rotations about the x-axis and the y'-axis?

    <p>NS angle () and EW angle () (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spacing of pixels in the Fixed Grid Frame (FGF)?

    <p>Uniform (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the purpose of timelines in the CONUS scene for each orbital position?

    <p>To determine the starting time and duration of each swath in a selected scene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the swaths of the various scenes included in a selected timeline scanned?

    <p>In any order (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which Scan Modes is the Full Disk scene used?

    <p>Scan Mode 3, 4, and 6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the CONUS scene?

    <p>3000 km (NS) x 5000 km (EW) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scene in the hypothetical timeline is made up of two swaths?

    <p>Scene B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time gap between the completion of the scanning of the first swath in the timeline and the start of the second swath?

    <p>5.0 seconds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scan mode provides one full disk scene every 15 minutes and three CONUS scenes every 5 minutes?

    <p>Scan Mode 3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the refresh rate for the standard Earth scenes in Scan Mode 4?

    <p>Every 5 minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the timeline duration for Scan Mode 6?

    <p>10 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the resampling process in the ABI system estimate the value of an FGF pixel as?

    <p>The weighted sum of surrounding calibrated detector samples (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which algorithm is used in the ABI system to apply corrections from non-ideal spacecraft attitude and orbit?

    <p>Kalman filter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of compensation corrects for non-ideal orbital position in the ABI system?

    <p>Orbit Motion Compensation (OMC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Bright Object Avoidance feature in the ABI system?

    <p>To adjust the scan pattern to avoid scanning close to the center of the sun (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Internal Calibration Target (ICT) in the ABI system?

    <p>To convert raw instrument samples into calibrated radiance samples (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Solar Calibration Target (SCT) in the ABI system?

    <p>To provide a known radiance source for calibration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scan mode does the ABI produce a full disk image every 10 minutes?

    <p>Mode 6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the applications of ABI?

    <p>Predicting aircraft icing threat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the cooling system issue in the GOES-17 ABI instrument?

    <p>Partial loss of imagery during some overnight hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current data availability from the GOES-17 ABI instrument?

    <p>94% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of ABI's swath-based timeline architecture?

    <p>Fewer weather-related flight delays (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of operation provides coverage over a 1000x1000km box with a temporal resolution of 30 seconds?

    <p>Mesoscale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of operation provides coverage of the 5000km (east/west) and 3000km (north/south) rectangle over the continental United States or the Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii?

    <p>Full Disk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of operation provides a full disk scan every 10 minutes or every 15 minutes, a CONUS/PACUS every five minutes, and two mesoscale domains every 60 seconds?

    <p>Flex Modes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mission of the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the GOES-R series?

    <p>To measure Earth's radiant and reflective solar energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Solar Calibration Target (SCT) in the ABI system?

    <p>To calibrate the ABI detectors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Electronics Unit (EU) in the ABI system?

    <p>To process and transmit the data collected by the ABI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ABI on the GOES-R series?

    <p>To provide near-real-time imagery to forecasters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the improvement in spatial resolution of the ABI compared to the current GOES imager?

    <p>Factor of 4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the radiometric resolution (number of bits per pixel) for most bands in the ABI?

    <p>12 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nadir spatial resolution of the ABI channels in kilometers?

    <p>2 km (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) and the ABI?

    <p>AHI has a 0.51-µm (green) spectral band instead of the ABI 1.37-µm (cirrus) band (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary applications of the ABI on the GOES-R series?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the worst-case estimate (WCE) in relation to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the ABI instrument?

    <p>The SNR is almost 2-3 times the specification for all bands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reference temperature for the noise-equivalent differential temperature (NEdT) in the ABI system?

    <p>300 K (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scan mode of the ABI system consists of sequential Full Disk (FD) scans every 5 minutes?

    <p>Scan mode 4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the mesoscale sectors in the ABI system?

    <p>1,000 km × 1,000 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scan mode of the ABI on the GOES-R series provides full disk imagery every 15 minutes, CONUS imagery every 5 minutes, and two mesoscale locations every minute?

    <p>Scan Mode 3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often does the ABI on the GOES-R series provide full disk imagery?

    <p>Every 15 minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a data delivery pathway for the ABI imagery and data products?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the refresh rate/coverage time for the Cloud and moisture imagery product?

    <p>5 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which product has a horizontal resolution of 2 km?

    <p>Aerosol detection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which data pathway allows users with GOES-R GRB antennas to directly ingest the GOES-R ABI data?

    <p>GRB–GOES-R rebroadcast (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scan mode provides coverage over a 5000 km (east/west) and 3000 km (north/south) rectangle over the continental United States or the Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii?

    <p>Scan Mode 4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spatial resolution of a band with a nadir resolution of 1 km when covering the CONUS from GOES-East?

    <p>2 km (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scan mode provides coverage of the mesoscale regions twice a minute?

    <p>Scan Mode 6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the refresh rate for the standard Earth scenes in Scan Mode 4?

    <p>5 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ABI on the GOES-R series?

    <p>To provide high-quality weather and environmental products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the improvement in spatial resolution of the ABI compared to the current GOES imager?

    <p>2 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bands are used for aerosol detection in the ABI system?

    <p>Band 4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a derived product that can be generated from the ABI Level 1b data?

    <p>Surface emissivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an anticipated operational application of the ABI-derived products?

    <p>Satellite positioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ABI bands used to derive the baseline environmental products?

    <p>To provide additional spectral information for the products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the short-range forecasts from the National Weather Service's numerical weather prediction models in the retrieval process of the derived products?

    <p>To provide initial conditions for the retrieval process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of spectral band measured by the GOES-R series Advanced Baseline Imager?

    <p>Ultraviolet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can additional pre-launch ABI fact sheets be obtained?

    <p>From the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many spectral bands does the GOES-R series Advanced Baseline Imager have?

    <p>16 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization provides French versions of the fact sheets for the GOES-R series Advanced Baseline Imager?

    <p>Training and Career Development Division, Meteorological Service of Canada (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the improvement in spatial resolution of the ABI compared to the current GOES imager?

    <p>2 km (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Solar Calibration Target (SCT) in the ABI system?

    <p>To monitor the sun and the solar environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nominal center wavelength for ABI?

    <p>0.864 µm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the radiometric resolution (number of bits per pixel) for most bands in the ABI?

    <p>12 bits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of ABI's swath-based timeline architecture?

    <p>Increased image collections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Solar Calibration Target (SCT) in the ABI system?

    <p>To measure the accuracy of the imagery and derived Level 2 products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Electronics Unit (EU) in the ABI system?

    <p>To convert the +28VDC voltage provided by the spacecraft to voltages required by ABI electronics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mission of the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the GOES-R series?

    <p>To measure Earth's radiant and reflective solar energy at moderate spatial and spectral resolution and high temporal and radiometric resolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spatial resolution improvement of the ABI compared to the previous GOES imager?

    <p>By a factor of 5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the radiometric resolution (number of bits per pixel) for most bands in the ABI?

    <p>12 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nadir spatial resolution of the ABI channels in kilometers?

    <p>1 km (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ABI resampler?

    <p>To remap detector samples to a uniform set of pixels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the worst-case estimate (WCE) in relation to the noise-equivalent differential temperature (NEdT) for the ABI instrument?

    <p>A smaller NEdT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) for GOES-R Satellites

    • ABI is a multi-spectral imaging radiometer manufactured by Harris Corporation for the GOES-R series of satellites.
    • It provides continuous imagery of the Western Hemisphere from geostationary orbit for weather prediction and Earth science applications.
    • ABI measures Earth's radiance in 16 spectral channels ranging from visible to longwave infrared.
    • It uses two scan mirrors, one east-west and one north-south, to scan the Earth and capture images.
    • ABI can scan the full Earth image in five minutes (Mode 4) or scan the full Earth in 15 minutes with interleaved mesoscale images (Mode 3).
    • A new scan mode (Mode 6) scans the full Earth in 10 minutes and is now the default for both GOES-East and GOES-West.
    • The nadir spatial resolution of ABI ranges from 0.5 to 2 km in different spectral channels.
    • ABI is comprised of three units: Sensor Unit (SU), Cryocooler Control Electronics (CCE), and Electronics Unit (EU).
    • The SU includes subsystems like the Optical Bench, Scan Mirrors, Telescope, Aft Optics, and Calibration Assemblies.
    • The Optical Bench provides structural support for other subsystems and controls thermal and mechanical loads.
    • The Scan Mirrors direct Earth's radiance into the telescope, which forms an image on the Focal Plane Modules (FPMs).
    • The FPMs filter and detect the image and convert it into analog signals for further processing.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) for GOES-R satellites! Learn about its features, applications, and spectral channels in this informative quiz.

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