Grunig and Hunt's Communication Models

Grunig and Hunt's Four Models

• Press Agentry/Publicity: Focuses on getting media attention, often with little regard for truth
• Public Information: One-way communication from the organization to the public
• Two-Way Asymmetrical Communication: Uses research to persuade the public, but not necessarily to change the organization’s practices
• Two-Way Symmetrical Communication: Focuses on mutual understanding and dialogue between the organization and the public

Press Agentry/Publicity in History

• Originated in 19th century with P.T. Barnum
• Characterized by exaggeration, attention-grabbing tactics, and limited regard for truth

Modern Use of Press Agentry/Publicity

• Used by celebrities, entertainment industry and some political campaigns
• Often relies on stunts, sensationalism, and social media

Public Information Model

• Developed in the early 20th century
• Focuses on disseminating information from organizations to the public
• Uses press releases, fact sheets, and other traditional communication methods

Two-Way Asymmetrical Communication

• Uses research to understand the public’s attitudes and opinions
• Uses this knowledge to persuade the public and support the organization’s objectives

Two-Way Symmetrical Communication

• Focuses on mutual understanding and dialogue between the organization and the public
• Uses research to understand the public's perspective, but also to inform and educate the organization
• Aims for long-term relationships and trust

Motivations for PR -- Recruitment

• Attract and retain employees
• Create a positive employer brand

Motivations for PR -- Legitimacy

• Gain recognition and support from stakeholders
• Enhance the reputation of the organization

Motivations for PR -- Agitation

• Promote social change
• Build pressure on organizations to take action
• Often used by activist groups

Motivations for PR -- Advocacy

• Promote a cause or issue
• Influence public policy
• Often used by non-profit organizations

Motivations for PR -- Profit

• Increase sales and revenue
• Promote products and services
• Often used by businesses and corporations

Explore Grunig and Hunt's four models of public relations, including Press Agentry/Publicity, Public Information, Two-Way Asymmetrical, and Two-Way Symmetrical Communication. This quiz delves into the historical origins and modern applications of these communication strategies. Test your knowledge of their principles and significance in both past and contemporary contexts.