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Questions and Answers
If the cytosine content in a double helical DNA is 20%, what is the content of adenine?
If the cytosine content in a double helical DNA is 20%, what is the content of adenine?
What is the most important cause of child mortality?
What is the most important cause of child mortality?
Which cells give rise to all layers of the embryo?
Which cells give rise to all layers of the embryo?
Which of the following is NOT considered an internal female genital organ?
Which of the following is NOT considered an internal female genital organ?
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When do fetal life period screening markers begin in development?
When do fetal life period screening markers begin in development?
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Which of the following is a function of the placenta?
Which of the following is a function of the placenta?
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Which statement about exclusive breastfeeding is true?
Which statement about exclusive breastfeeding is true?
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If the first day of the last menstrual period was August 4th, 2007, what is the expected date of delivery?
If the first day of the last menstrual period was August 4th, 2007, what is the expected date of delivery?
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Which hormone does NOT play a role in regulating the menstrual cycle?
Which hormone does NOT play a role in regulating the menstrual cycle?
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What would be the effect of a mutation in the lac operon?
What would be the effect of a mutation in the lac operon?
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Which enzyme allows the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template?
Which enzyme allows the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template?
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What is the role of DNA-Gyrase during DNA replication?
What is the role of DNA-Gyrase during DNA replication?
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What is the protein that blocks the action of RNA polymerase?
What is the protein that blocks the action of RNA polymerase?
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At which stage are most major malformations produced during development?
At which stage are most major malformations produced during development?
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During ovulation, which hormone surge triggers the release of the ovum?
During ovulation, which hormone surge triggers the release of the ovum?
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Which structure is characterized by the absence of mesoderm?
Which structure is characterized by the absence of mesoderm?
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Which cell type has 23 chromosomes?
Which cell type has 23 chromosomes?
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Where does fertilization typically occur?
Where does fertilization typically occur?
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What best describes the type of implantation occurring at day 9?
What best describes the type of implantation occurring at day 9?
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At what age can a child typically comprehend death as an irreversible process?
At what age can a child typically comprehend death as an irreversible process?
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Which component is correctly described regarding the umbilical cord structure?
Which component is correctly described regarding the umbilical cord structure?
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Which organ is used to estimate the gestational age of a developing fetus?
Which organ is used to estimate the gestational age of a developing fetus?
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Which statement about reproductive aging is correct for females but not for males?
Which statement about reproductive aging is correct for females but not for males?
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In human development, what is primarily determined by the genetic blueprint?
In human development, what is primarily determined by the genetic blueprint?
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What type of mutation leads to the production of a truncated form of the LDL receptor in familial hypercholesterolemia patients?
What type of mutation leads to the production of a truncated form of the LDL receptor in familial hypercholesterolemia patients?
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Which of the following systems is not fully developed by the beginning of pregnancy?
Which of the following systems is not fully developed by the beginning of pregnancy?
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The average pregnancy duration is typically how many weeks and how many days?
The average pregnancy duration is typically how many weeks and how many days?
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Which factor may influence the height of a male or female fetus at conception?
Which factor may influence the height of a male or female fetus at conception?
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At what age does a child typically start developing head control while in a prone position?
At what age does a child typically start developing head control while in a prone position?
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What is the most appropriate investigation for a neonate showing poor feeding and jaundice, given their mother's history of fever and discharge?
What is the most appropriate investigation for a neonate showing poor feeding and jaundice, given their mother's history of fever and discharge?
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Which sequence is produced from the transcription of UAGCUACGU?
Which sequence is produced from the transcription of UAGCUACGU?
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What likely distinguishes the height differences between male and female fetuses during conception?
What likely distinguishes the height differences between male and female fetuses during conception?
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Which of the following patterns is characteristic of a 2-year-old child?
Which of the following patterns is characteristic of a 2-year-old child?
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At what stage have the Respiratory and Central nervous systems typically differentiated if a fetus is born during the sixth or seventh month?
At what stage have the Respiratory and Central nervous systems typically differentiated if a fetus is born during the sixth or seventh month?
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In case of deficient embryo development, what is a probable outcome regarding the conceptus?
In case of deficient embryo development, what is a probable outcome regarding the conceptus?
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Which phase is not included in the menstrual cycle phases?
Which phase is not included in the menstrual cycle phases?
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A gene made of 60 nucleotides can produce how many proteins during transcription and translation?
A gene made of 60 nucleotides can produce how many proteins during transcription and translation?
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Where in nucleic acid are the bases always connected?
Where in nucleic acid are the bases always connected?
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Identify the range of the embryonic period.
Identify the range of the embryonic period.
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What is a characteristic of normal labor?
What is a characteristic of normal labor?
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Study Notes
Key Concepts in Growth & Development
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Cytosine content of 20% in double helical DNA implies Adenine content is 30%, as per Chargaff's rule (A pairs with T, C pairs with G).
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Major causes of child health issues include accidents, maternal smoking, and malnutrition; child abuse is a significant concern but often overlooked.
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The epiblast is responsible for giving rise to all layers of the embryo, illustrating its critical role in embryonic development.
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Internal female genital organs comprise the vagina, not including external features like labia majora or clitoris.
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Fetal life markers can be observed starting from 9 weeks until birth, crucial for prenatal care and monitoring.
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The placenta’s fundamental functions include nutrient transport to the fetus, essential for its growth and development.
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Exclusive breastfeeding is crucial for infants' first six months, as it provides all nutritional needs and immune protection.
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Expected delivery date calculation involves adding 280 days to the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP); for example, LMP on August 4th, 2007, leads to an expected delivery on May 11th, 2008.
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Ectoderm derivatives include structures like the retina and inner ear, while myotomes are derived from mesoderm.
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A child's growth pattern at two years can be categorized into slow or rapid controlled/uncontrolled growth rates.
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By the sixth or early seventh month, differentiation of various systems like respiratory and nervous systems occurs.
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Deficiency in embryo development can lead to abortion or halted differentiation of the embryonic plate.
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Menstrual cycle phases encompass the follicular, proliferative, secretory, and menstrual phases; some are essential for understanding reproductive health.
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Genetic transcription and translation is complex; a gene made of 60 nucleotides can produce 20 different protein chains.
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Nucleic acid bases attach to the 1' carbon of the sugar, fundamental to DNA and RNA structure.
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The embryonic period, from the 3rd to the 8th week of gestation, is critical for development, with potential major malformations arising during this timeframe.
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Fertilization predominantly occurs in the uterine tube, where the sperm meets the ovum.
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Children accurately appreciate death as irreversible typically around 7 years of age, reflecting cognitive development and understanding of concepts.
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The second week of embryonic development features differentiation into structures like the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast.
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Monozygotic twins typically share one chorion, demonstrating significant genetic and developmental similarities.
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Genetic mutations can lead to conditions such as familial hypercholesterolemia due to truncated proteins; identifying mutation types like nonsense or frameshift is crucial for genetic studies.
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The average pregnancy duration is approximately 38 weeks or 266 days post-LMP, fundamental knowledge in obstetrics.
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Factors influencing fetal size differentials include genetic and environmental factors, such as placental hormone levels during conception.
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Neonates with symptoms like jaundice and poor feeding might require a TORCH screen to identify potential infectious causes related to maternal health.
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Transcription results in complementary RNA sequences, such as transcribing UAGCUACGU into ACGUAGCUA, important in understanding gene expression.
Miscellaneous Facts
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The umbilical cord consists of two arteries and one vein, essential for fetal nutrient supply and waste removal.
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Child development milestones vary widely, with significant growth in head control expected by five months.
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Exploration of reproductive aging shows significant differences in male and female reproductive longevity, emphasizing menopause in females as a significant life event.
These bullets encompass essential topics in growth and development, providing a concise overview of key concepts relevant for exams in this subject area.
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Description
Test your knowledge on growth and development concepts with this final exam quiz. Questions cover topics like DNA structure, child abuse causes, and embryonic cells. Challenge yourself to reinforce your understanding of critical topics in this field.
