Podcast
Questions and Answers
Tanner stage 1 in males is characterized by only the ______ being raised above the level of the breast
Tanner stage 1 in males is characterized by only the ______ being raised above the level of the breast
nipple
Tanner stage 2 in males is known as the ______ stage
Tanner stage 2 in males is known as the ______ stage
budding
In Tanner stage 3, the ______ and areola are enlarged
In Tanner stage 3, the ______ and areola are enlarged
breast
Tanner stage 4 in males involves increasing ______ deposits
Tanner stage 4 in males involves increasing ______ deposits
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ in Tanner stage 4 forms a secondary elevation above that of the breast
The ______ in Tanner stage 4 forms a secondary elevation above that of the breast
Signup and view all the answers
Tanner stage 5 in males is the ______ stage
Tanner stage 5 in males is the ______ stage
Signup and view all the answers
Delayed onset of puberty may be a normal variant and is usually accompanied by a lag of ______ growth
Delayed onset of puberty may be a normal variant and is usually accompanied by a lag of ______ growth
Signup and view all the answers
Pubertal changes in males follow the same sequence of development as for other adolescents, but it may occur over a different ______ span
Pubertal changes in males follow the same sequence of development as for other adolescents, but it may occur over a different ______ span
Signup and view all the answers
Of older adults in the United States in 2017–18, 42.4% of men and 43.3% of women were ______
Of older adults in the United States in 2017–18, 42.4% of men and 43.3% of women were ______
Signup and view all the answers
Testes, scrotum, and penis are the same size and shape as in the young child. This corresponds to Tanner stage ______
Testes, scrotum, and penis are the same size and shape as in the young child. This corresponds to Tanner stage ______
Signup and view all the answers
Enlargement of scrotum and testes, with the scrotum becoming redder, thinner, and wrinkled, is characteristic of Tanner stage ______
Enlargement of scrotum and testes, with the scrotum becoming redder, thinner, and wrinkled, is characteristic of Tanner stage ______
Signup and view all the answers
Enlargement of the penis, especially in length, further enlargement of testes, and descent of scrotum are seen in Tanner stage ______
Enlargement of the penis, especially in length, further enlargement of testes, and descent of scrotum are seen in Tanner stage ______
Signup and view all the answers
Continued enlargement of the penis, sculpturing of the glans, and increased pigmentation of scrotum describe Tanner stage ______
Continued enlargement of the penis, sculpturing of the glans, and increased pigmentation of scrotum describe Tanner stage ______
Signup and view all the answers
Scrotum ample, with the penis reaching nearly to the bottom of the scrotum, is characteristic of Tanner stage ______
Scrotum ample, with the penis reaching nearly to the bottom of the scrotum, is characteristic of Tanner stage ______
Signup and view all the answers
Acromegaly is a rare disease of excessive growth and distorted proportions caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor after closure of the epiphyses. It is most common in middle-aged ______
Acromegaly is a rare disease of excessive growth and distorted proportions caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor after closure of the epiphyses. It is most common in middle-aged ______
Signup and view all the answers
Growth hormone excess leads to slow skeletal growth and soft tissue enlargement, and it is most common in middle-aged ______
Growth hormone excess leads to slow skeletal growth and soft tissue enlargement, and it is most common in middle-aged ______
Signup and view all the answers
Patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 19.8 to 26.0 should gain ________ to ________ kg over the entire pregnancy
Patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 19.8 to 26.0 should gain ________ to ________ kg over the entire pregnancy
Signup and view all the answers
To provide guidance in weight gain during pregnancy, first determine the ________ BMI
To provide guidance in weight gain during pregnancy, first determine the ________ BMI
Signup and view all the answers
If an adolescent stops taking GnRH analogs, puberty will ________
If an adolescent stops taking GnRH analogs, puberty will ________
Signup and view all the answers
P4—Tanner 4. Hair coarse and curly, abundant but less than ________
P4—Tanner 4. Hair coarse and curly, abundant but less than ________
Signup and view all the answers
Initial, scarcely pigmented straight hair, especially along medial border of the ________
Initial, scarcely pigmented straight hair, especially along medial border of the ________
Signup and view all the answers
Sparse, dark, visibly pigmented, curly pubic hair on ________
Sparse, dark, visibly pigmented, curly pubic hair on ________
Signup and view all the answers
P3—Tanner 3. Sparse, dark, visibly pigmented, curly pubic hair on ________
P3—Tanner 3. Sparse, dark, visibly pigmented, curly pubic hair on ________
Signup and view all the answers
Patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 19.8 to 26.0 should gain 25 to ________ lb over the entire pregnancy
Patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 19.8 to 26.0 should gain 25 to ________ lb over the entire pregnancy
Signup and view all the answers
Underweight patients with a twin or triplet pregnancy should adjust the recommended weight gain to prevent complications such as gestational hypertension and preeclampsia
Underweight patients with a twin or triplet pregnancy should adjust the recommended weight gain to prevent complications such as gestational hypertension and preeclampsia
Signup and view all the answers
Obese patients are at increased risk of complications during pregnancy such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, cesarean delivery, and failure to initiate breastfeeding due to their higher body mass index
Obese patients are at increased risk of complications during pregnancy such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, cesarean delivery, and failure to initiate breastfeeding due to their higher body mass index
Signup and view all the answers
Pregnant ______ younger than 16 years, or less than 2 years after menarche, may require higher weight gains during pregnancy to achieve an optimal infant birth weight due to their ongoing growth spurt
Pregnant ______ younger than 16 years, or less than 2 years after menarche, may require higher weight gains during pregnancy to achieve an optimal infant birth weight due to their ongoing growth spurt
Signup and view all the answers
First trimester weight gain during ______ is variable, ranging from 1.4 to 2.7 kg (3 to 6 lb)
First trimester weight gain during ______ is variable, ranging from 1.4 to 2.7 kg (3 to 6 lb)
Signup and view all the answers
Weekly weight gain in the second and third ______ should be approximately 0.23 to 0.45 kg (0.5 to 1 lb) per week to ensure a healthy pregnancy
Weekly weight gain in the second and third ______ should be approximately 0.23 to 0.45 kg (0.5 to 1 lb) per week to ensure a healthy pregnancy
Signup and view all the answers
Patients who gain too little weight during ______ are at risk for having a low-birth-weight infant
Patients who gain too little weight during ______ are at risk for having a low-birth-weight infant
Signup and view all the answers
Older ______ should have their BMI calculated using the same procedures as other ______ to monitor their health status
Older ______ should have their BMI calculated using the same procedures as other ______ to monitor their health status
Signup and view all the answers
Identify any problems with ______ in older adults that could be associated with a health condition or food insecurity to provide appropriate care
Identify any problems with ______ in older adults that could be associated with a health condition or food insecurity to provide appropriate care
Signup and view all the answers
Puberty blockers work by suppressing the secretion of LH and FSH which ultimately suppress the body’s release of sex hormones, including ______ and estrogen, during puberty.
Puberty blockers work by suppressing the secretion of LH and FSH which ultimately suppress the body’s release of sex hormones, including ______ and estrogen, during puberty.
Signup and view all the answers
In those identified as male at birth, GnRH analogs decrease the growth of facial and body hair, prevent voice deepening, and limit the growth of ______.
In those identified as male at birth, GnRH analogs decrease the growth of facial and body hair, prevent voice deepening, and limit the growth of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
In those identified as female at birth, GnRH analogs stop breast development, widening of the hips, and delay or stop ______.
In those identified as female at birth, GnRH analogs stop breast development, widening of the hips, and delay or stop ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Puberty blockers do not stop acne, body odor, or axillary and pubic hair development, as these changes are not controlled only by estrogen or ______.
Puberty blockers do not stop acne, body odor, or axillary and pubic hair development, as these changes are not controlled only by estrogen or ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The use of GnRH analogs does not cause permanent changes in an adolescent’s ______.
The use of GnRH analogs does not cause permanent changes in an adolescent’s ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Further evaluation is needed if no evidence of pubertal development is seen in a male by 14 years of age or a female by ______ years of age.
Further evaluation is needed if no evidence of pubertal development is seen in a male by 14 years of age or a female by ______ years of age.
Signup and view all the answers
Early development of sexual hair without signs of sexual maturation may be an indication of premature ______.
Early development of sexual hair without signs of sexual maturation may be an indication of premature ______.
Signup and view all the answers
In these children, pubescence usually occurs at the expected time, as with healthy ______.
In these children, pubescence usually occurs at the expected time, as with healthy ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Breast Development in Females
- M1: Tanner 1 - Nipple is raised above the breast level, similar to a child.
- M2: Tanner 2 - Budding stage, areola increased in diameter, and surrounding area slightly elevated.
- M3: Tanner 3 - Breast and areola enlarged, no contour separation.
- M4: Tanner 4 - Increasing fat deposits, areola forms a secondary elevation above the breast.
- M5: Tanner 5 - Adult stage, areola part of general breast contour, strongly pigmented, and nipple projects.
Penis and Testes Development in Males
- G1: Tanner 1 - Testes, scrotum, and penis are the same size and shape as in a young child.
- G2: Tanner 2 - Enlargement of scrotum and testes, skin of scrotum becomes redder, thinner, and wrinkled.
- G3: Tanner 3 - Enlargement of the penis, especially in length, and further enlargement of testes.
- G4: Tanner 4 - Continued enlargement of the penis and sculpturing of the glans, increased pigmentation of scrotum.
- G5: Tanner 5 - Adult stage, scrotum ample, and penis reaching nearly to the bottom of the scrotum.
Pubic Hair Development in Females
- P1: Tanner 1 - No growth of pubic hair.
- P2: Tanner 2 - Initial, scarcely pigmented straight hair, especially along the medial border of the labia.
- P3: Tanner 3 - Sparse, dark, visibly pigmented, curly pubic hair on labia.
- P4: Tanner 4 - Hair coarse and curly, abundant but less than adult.
- P5: Tanner 5 - Lateral spreading, type and triangle spread of adult hair to the medial surface of thighs.
- P6: Tanner 6 - Further extension laterally, upward, or dispersed (occurs in only 10% of women).
Growth and Nutrition
- Delayed onset of puberty is a normal variant in both males and females, or may be a consequence of using puberty blockers in transgender and gender-diverse youth.
- It is usually accompanied by a lag of stature growth.
- Parent or sibling may have had a similar adolescent growth pattern.
- Once pubertal changes begin, the sequence of development is the same as for other adolescents, but it may occur over a different time span.
Pregnancy
- Calculate weight gain during pregnancy from the patient's prepregnancy weight.
- Determine the prepregnancy BMI to guide weight gain during pregnancy.
- Monitor the patient's weight throughout pregnancy using the BMI weight gain curve guidelines.
- Recommended weight gain during pregnancy is based on the patient's prepregnancy BMI:
- 11.5 to 16 kg (25 to 35 lb) for patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 19.8 to 26.0.
- 5 to 9.1 kg (11 to 20 lb) for underweight patients (BMI 29).
- Adjust the recommended weight gain for patients with a twin or triplet pregnancy.
- Obese patients are at increased risk of complications during pregnancy.
Older Adults
- Measurement procedures for older adults are the same as those used for other adults.
- Calculate the BMI to identify any problems with underweight.
- Identify any associated health conditions or food insecurity.
Abnormalities
- Acromegaly: a rare disease of excessive growth and distorted proportions caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor after closure of the epiphyses.
- Caused by a benign pituitary adenoma or other rare tumor, or familial syndromes.
- Growth hormone excess leads to slow skeletal growth and soft tissue enlargement.
Puberty Blockers
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs are a synthetic form of the human body's GnRH hormone.
- Suppress the secretion of LH and FSH, which ultimately suppress the body's release of sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen, during puberty.
- Delay changes in both primary and secondary sex characteristics that can affect gender expression.
- Do not cause permanent changes in an adolescent's body.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the Tanner stages of breast development, focusing on the physical changes that occur during puberty. Questions may cover the characteristics of each stage and the sequence of development.
