Growth and Nutrition G1—Tanner 1 Testes

The prevalence of obesity in older men in the United States in 2017–18 was 43.2%.

In Tanner stage 3, the penis enlarges significantly in both length and girth.

Acromegaly is primarily caused by the oversecretion of insulin-like growth factor.

In Tanner stage 4, the scrotum becomes redder and thinner.

Obesity was more prevalent among older women than older men in the United States in 2017–18.

During Tanner stage 1, testes, scrotum, and penis are noticeably larger than in a young child.

Growth hormone excess leads to rapid skeletal growth and soft tissue shrinkage.

Tanner stage 5 marks the adult stage where the scrotum is ample and the penis reaches nearly to the bottom of the scrotum.

In Tanner stage M3, no contour separation is observed.

Tanner stage M4 is characterized by decreasing fat deposits.

The secondary mound above the breast in Tanner stage M4 occurs in approximately all girls.

In Tanner stage M5, the areola is usually not part of the general breast contour.

Delayed onset of puberty may be a normal variant only in males.

Puberty blockers are never used in transgender and gender-diverse youth.

Abnormal growth conditions always result in a lag of stature growth.

Ultimate height is always different for individuals with delayed onset of puberty.

An adolescent can permanently stop puberty by taking GnRH analogs.

A Tanner stage 3 in females is characterized by sparse, dark, visibly pigmented, straight pubic hair.

Patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 26.1 should gain 11.5 to 16 kg (25 to 35 lb) over the entire pregnancy.

Weight gain during pregnancy should be monitored based on the patient's current BMI.

Patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 18.0 to 24.9 are considered underweight.

In Tanner stage 4 in females, the pubic hair is described as coarse, curly, abundant, and equal to adult levels.

The figure described in the text represents the six stages of breast development in females.

$18.5$ is the minimum prepregnancy BMI threshold for normal weight according to the text.

Patients with a BMI of 29 should gain between 11 to 20 kg during pregnancy.

Obese pregnant patients are not at an increased risk of complications like gestational hypertension.

Pregnant adolescents younger than 16 years old may need higher weight gains during pregnancy due to their growth spurt.

First trimester weight gain during pregnancy is typically between 3 to 6 kg.

Weekly weight gain in the second and third trimesters should be around 1 to 1.5 kgs per week.

Patients who gain too little weight during pregnancy are not at risk of having a low-birth-weight infant.

Measurement procedures for older adults are different from those used for younger adults.

Underweight in older adults is not associated with any health conditions or food insecurity.

GnRH analogs work by increasing the secretion of LH and FSH to accelerate puberty.

Premature pubarche is often associated with delayed pubescence in children.

Puberty blockers prevent voice deepening in individuals identified as male at birth.

Puberty blockers stop breast development in individuals identified as male at birth.

Acne, body odor, and axillary hair development are controlled solely by estrogen or testosterone.

GnRH analogs can cause permanent changes in an adolescent's body.

No evidence of pubertal development by age 13 in males or age 14 in females requires further evaluation.

Obesity in older adults can delay the onset of puberty.