Growing Effective Teams

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Questions and Answers

In the context of team dynamics, what is the most significant implication of the AOL/Time Warner merger's failure for modern organizations contemplating similar alliances?

  • Synergies are best achieved through autonomous operations rather than integrated strategies.
  • The integration of diverse organizational cultures requires careful management and understanding to prevent value destruction. (correct)
  • Financial due diligence is less critical than cultural compatibility assessments.
  • Mergers between traditional media and tech companies are inherently riskier than mergers within the same industry.

According to the 'Do, Reflect, Apply' method, how does the 'Reflect' stage specifically contribute to team development and learning?

  • It ensures that team members can quickly implement solutions without overthinking potential problems.
  • It forces teams to generalize experiences to other settings regardless of their relevance.
  • It promotes a shared understanding of experiences and encourages analytical thinking. (correct)
  • It prioritizes individual insights over collaborative discussions to foster independent problem-solving.

When applying the 'Do, Reflect, Apply' method, what key action should a team take during the 'Apply' phase to maximize learning and adaptation?

  • Systematically experiment with new strategies based on reflections from the 'Reflect' phase. (correct)
  • Avoid generalizing experiences to prevent overconfidence and bias.
  • Prioritize individual reflections over group discussions to maintain diverse perspectives.
  • Focus solely on replicating successful actions to maintain consistency.

How does the 'Generalize' component of the 'Do, Reflect, Apply' method enhance the long-term effectiveness of teams?

<p>By promoting the application of lessons learned from one situation to a broader range of contexts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Group Performance Model, how do 'Environmental Factors' directly influence 'Group Process'?

<p>By shaping the resources available and the external demands placed on the team, which in turn affect how the team interacts and operates. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Group Performance Model, what is the most direct impact of 'Group Structure' on a team's 'Outputs'?

<p>Group structure influences outputs by facilitating or hindering communication and coordination, which affects the team's creativity, quality, and efficiency. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a team's 'Homogeneity,' as part of its 'Group Structure,' interact with 'Communication' within 'Group Process' to affect overall team performance?

<p>Homogeneity can streamline communication due to shared understandings, but may also limit the diversity of ideas, potentially affecting innovation and adaptability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical insight does the Johari Window model offer concerning the development of trust and cohesion within a team?

<p>Trust and cohesion are enhanced by expanding the 'Public' area through self-disclosure and feedback, thereby reducing the 'Hidden' and 'Blind' areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Johari Window model, what is the most effective strategy for a team leader to reduce the 'Blind' area of a team member and improve overall team effectiveness?

<p>Encourage open and constructive feedback from other team members, creating a culture where individuals can learn about their unintentional impacts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that self-disclosure is associated with increased liking and closeness, why might some team members be hesitant to engage in it, especially in diverse teams?

<p>Because some members may fear vulnerability, judgment, or negative repercussions, especially across gender or racial lines. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the principle that 'Reciprocity is key' in team interactions, what is the potential negative outcome if a team leader consistently discloses personal information without fostering a reciprocal environment?

<p>It might create a sense of inequity and discomfort among team members, potentially reducing psychological safety and open communication. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of team building, how might the 'Lifeline Exercise' be most effectively used to foster deeper understanding and empathy among team members?

<p>By visually mapping personal and professional milestones, allowing members to share significant experiences and emotional journeys. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a facilitator manage the 'Exercise on Early Impressions' activity to maximize its benefits while minimizing potential negative impacts on team dynamics?

<p>By emphasizing positive attributes and focusing on constructive, behaviorally specific feedback rather than broad generalizations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the properties of early impressions, what is the most strategic approach for a new team leader to counteract the 'primacy effect' and foster an environment of continuous evaluation?

<p>Actively solicit and integrate feedback from all team members, while clearly communicating their openness to adapting strategies and approaches over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What long-term strategic advantage can an organization gain by consistently applying the 'Do, Reflect, Apply' framework across its teams?

<p>It fosters a culture of continuous learning and adaptation, enabling the organization to respond effectively to evolving challenges and opportunities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of team conflict resolution, what is the most effective way to leverage the insights gained from the 'Lifeline Exercise'?

<p>To foster empathy and understanding by reminding team members of each other's personal journeys and potential sensitivities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When attempting to expand the 'Public' area in the Johari Window, why might a team member's cultural background influence their willingness to self-disclose?

<p>Some cultures may prioritize privacy and humility, making individuals less comfortable with open self-disclosure compared to cultures that value directness and self-promotion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a team leader effectively use an understanding of 'Affective Trust' and 'Cognitive Trust' to build a high-performing team?

<p>By implementing strategies that simultaneously foster emotional bonds and demonstrate reliability and competence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a team member consistently receives the feedback from the 'Exercise on Early Impressions' that they are perceived as unapproachable, what specific steps can they take to address this perception and improve team interactions?

<p>Actively engage in team discussions, solicit input from others, and display more open body language. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Group Performance Model, how can a team leader most effectively balance the benefits of 'Homogeneity' and 'Heterogeneity' within their team to optimize both efficiency and innovation?

<p>By strategically structuring the team with a mix of homogenous subgroups for efficient task execution and integrating diverse perspectives during brainstorming and problem-solving sessions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most significant challenge in implementing a team-building exercise like the 'Lifeline Exercise' in a virtual or remote work environment, and how can this challenge be effectively mitigated?

<p>The lack of physical presence, which can be mitigated by using video conferencing to enhance non-verbal communication and encourage active listening. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that 'disclosure is least likely to happen in opposite sex & opposite race pairs but has the greatest positive effect when it does,' what proactive measures can a team leader take to encourage such disclosure and maximize these positive effects?

<p>Implement structured activities that promote reciprocal sharing and create a psychologically safe environment where vulnerability is encouraged and rewarded. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Johari Window model, what is the MOST effective way for a team member to reduce their 'Hidden Area' (things known to self but not known to others) and build stronger working relationships?

<p>By engaging in appropriate self-disclosure, sharing relevant personal and professional experiences with the team. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In applying the 'Do, Reflect, Apply' method to improve team decision-making, what key question should the team address during the 'Reflect' phase to enhance future performance?

<p>Which assumptions influenced our decision-making process, and were they valid? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Time spent in collaboration

At many companies, approximately 80% of time is spent in collaborative activities.

Team responsibilities

Teams must learn and grow, make decisions, handle conflict, and produce creative, efficient, and effective outcomes.

AOL/Time Warner merger

One of the largest losses in U.S. business history due to failed synergy.

Do, Reflect, Apply

A structured method involving experience, sharing, processing, generalizing, and applying learning.

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Model of Group Performance- Inputs

Inputs are individual characteristics and environmental factors.

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Model of Group Performance- Processes

Processes are group structure and group process.

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Model of Group Performance- Outputs

Outputs are production, experience, and organizational gains.

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Affective Trust

Involves reciprocated interpersonal care and concern or emotional bonds.

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Cognitive Trust

Involves individual beliefs about peer reliability, dependability, and competence.

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Johari Window

Psychological tool to improve self-awareness and mutual understanding between individuals within a group.

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Johari Window- Public

What is known by the self and known by others

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Johari Window- Hidden

What is known by the self but unknown by others

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Johari Window- Blind

What is unknown by the self but known by others

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Johari Window- Unknown

What is unknown by self and unknown by others

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Disclosure

The act of revealing personal information to expand the public space reducing the hidden area.

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Feedback

Seeking opinions to grow the public space and reduce the blind area.

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Influence of Early Impressions

Early impressions that influence perceptions.

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Shared early impressions

Early impressions that people share towards something.

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Resistant to change

Information is not easy to change once an opinion is made

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Validity varies

Some early assumptions may not be valid.

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Study Notes

Growing Effective Teams

  • Collaborative activities account for approximately 80% of time spent at many companies.
  • Teams need to learn and grow, make decisions, handle conflict, and produce creative, efficient and effective results.

Importance and Impact of Group Performance

  • The merger between AOL and Time Warner valued the combined entity at $300 billion in January 2000.
  • Robert Pittman, President and COO of AOL, highlighted potential synergies in distribution platforms, revenue, and cost reduction.
  • By 2002, the company lost $100 billion, then the largest loss in US business history
  • The merger ultimately resulted in failed synergy due to cultural differences, mutual disrespect, and an inability to blend old and new media cultures.
  • Psychological and social characteristics of groups and individuals influence economic outcomes, as demonstrated by the AOL/Time Warner merger.

Method: Do, Reflect, Apply

  • Experience: Engage in the activity and perform.
  • Share: Publicly share results, reactions, and observations.
  • Process: Discuss, analyze, and reflect on the experience to determine what’s important.
  • Generalize: Connect the experience to real-world examples.
  • Apply: Apply what was learned to similar or different situations and practice.

Model of Group Performance

  • Inputs: Encompass individual characteristics and environmental factors.
  • Process: Includes group structure (homogeneity, hierarchy, division of labor) and group process (norms, communication, patterns of influence).
  • Outputs: Result in production (creativity, quality, efficiency), experience (cohesion, growth), and organizational gains (profits, competitiveness).

Today's Objectives

  • Foster cohesion and growth within a group.
  • Foster relationships that will allow for production and organizational gains.

Affective vs. Cognitive Trust

  • Affective Trust: Centers on reciprocated interpersonal care, concern, and emotional bonds.
  • Cognitive Trust: Involves individual beliefs about peer reliability, dependability, and competence (Webber 2008).

The Johari Window (Luft & Ingham, 1955)

  • Public: Known to self and others.
  • Hidden: Known to self but unknown to others.
  • Blind: Unknown to self but known to others.
  • Unknown: Unknown to self and others.
  • Disclosure expands the public space by moving information from the hidden area.

Self-Disclosure

  • Universally associated with liking and closeness.
  • Revealing deeper truths has a greater effect than disclosing a greater volume of information.
  • Disclosure is least likely to happen in opposite-sex and opposite-race pairs but has the greatest positive effect when it does occur.
  • Reciprocity is key in self-disclosure.

The Lifeline Exercise

  • Aims to define who you are today, and bring it to the group through a personal moment from your own lifeline.

Properties of Early Impressions

  • Validity varies
  • Resistant to change - Primacy effect
  • Widely shared by people within the same culture
  • Influence behavior of perceivers
  • Social conventions prevent sharing our impressions

Exercise on Early Impressions

  • Teams take turns providing impressions for one member (the focus).
  • Everyone takes a turn as the focal person.
  • Reflect as a group about these impressions at the end.

Illustrative Questions for Exercise on Early Impressions

  • Potential questions include: What would the focal person be doing on a typical Saturday afternoon (hobbies, interests, etc.)?
  • What is the perfect vacation for them?
  • What kind of music or books do they like?
  • What alternative career might they have?
  • Which character or celebrity do they resemble?

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