Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the element symbol for the oxygen family?
What is the element symbol for the oxygen family?
O
Which of the following elements are nonmetals in the oxygen family?
Which of the following elements are nonmetals in the oxygen family?
Select the correct answer for the configuration of elements in the Oxygen family.
Select the correct answer for the configuration of elements in the Oxygen family.
What is the oxidation state of oxygen in the oxygen family?
What is the oxidation state of oxygen in the oxygen family?
Signup and view all the answers
Except for oxygen, elements in the oxygen family can have positive oxidation states.
Except for oxygen, elements in the oxygen family can have positive oxidation states.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust?
Which of the following is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust?
Signup and view all the answers
What two allotropes are common for oxygen?
What two allotropes are common for oxygen?
Signup and view all the answers
Ozone is poisonous but protects life from harmful radiation.
Ozone is poisonous but protects life from harmful radiation.
Signup and view all the answers
How is oxygen produced in nature?
How is oxygen produced in nature?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid?
What is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid?
Signup and view all the answers
Sulfur has more than 10 different forms due to its ability to catenate.
Sulfur has more than 10 different forms due to its ability to catenate.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the form of sulfur that is found in rocks and minerals?
What is the name of the form of sulfur that is found in rocks and minerals?
Signup and view all the answers
Selenium is more common than oxygen or sulfur.
Selenium is more common than oxygen or sulfur.
Signup and view all the answers
What makes selenium unique in its properties?
What makes selenium unique in its properties?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the crown-shaped molecule of selenium?
What is the name of the crown-shaped molecule of selenium?
Signup and view all the answers
What type element is tellurium?
What type element is tellurium?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is polonium known as a rare element?
Why is polonium known as a rare element?
Signup and view all the answers
Oxygen is the most common and important component of air.
Oxygen is the most common and important component of air.
Signup and view all the answers
Who discovered oxygen?
Who discovered oxygen?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a property of oxygen?
Which of the following is NOT a property of oxygen?
Signup and view all the answers
Oxygen is a heavier gas than air.
Oxygen is a heavier gas than air.
Signup and view all the answers
In which state is oxygen used as a propellant for rockets?
In which state is oxygen used as a propellant for rockets?
Signup and view all the answers
At what temperature does oxygen become solid? and becomes liquid? What is the color of oxygen in its solid and liquid states?
At what temperature does oxygen become solid? and becomes liquid? What is the color of oxygen in its solid and liquid states?
Signup and view all the answers
Oxygen supports combustion by oxidizing fuels.
Oxygen supports combustion by oxidizing fuels.
Signup and view all the answers
Oxygen is essential for all but which of the following processes?
Oxygen is essential for all but which of the following processes?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the temperature used in welding and cutting with oxygen?
What is the temperature used in welding and cutting with oxygen?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the five types of oxides?
What are the five types of oxides?
Signup and view all the answers
Acidic oxides are oxides of metals.
Acidic oxides are oxides of metals.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two acidic oxides mentioned in the text?
What are the two acidic oxides mentioned in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two oxides of metals mentioned in the text?
What are the two oxides of metals mentioned in the text?
Signup and view all the answers
Neutral oxides form salts when reacted with acids and bases.
Neutral oxides form salts when reacted with acids and bases.
Signup and view all the answers
What are three examples of neutral oxides?
What are three examples of neutral oxides?
Signup and view all the answers
Amphoteric oxides are metallic oxides that exhibit both basic and acidic properties
Amphoteric oxides are metallic oxides that exhibit both basic and acidic properties
Signup and view all the answers
What is the compound formula for hydrogen peroxide?
What is the compound formula for hydrogen peroxide?
Signup and view all the answers
Compound oxides are made up of two oxides of the same metal, one with a higher oxidation state and one with a lower oxidation state.
Compound oxides are made up of two oxides of the same metal, one with a higher oxidation state and one with a lower oxidation state.
Signup and view all the answers
The most common peroxide is sodium peroxide.
The most common peroxide is sodium peroxide.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the formula for the compound oxide ferro-ferric oxide?
What is the formula for the compound oxide ferro-ferric oxide?
Signup and view all the answers
What are a few applications of oxygen?
What are a few applications of oxygen?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Group 6A(16): The Oxygen Family
- Group 6A elements include oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), and polonium (Po)
- These elements are called chalcogens
- The chalcogens are nonmetals except for polonium which is a metalloid
- Group 6A elements have an outer-electron configuration ns²np⁴.
- The group 6A elements tend to gain two electrons to achieve a noble gas electron configuration, hence a common oxidation state of -2.
- Except for oxygen, group 6A elements also exhibit positive oxidation states up to +6.
Properties of Oxygen (O₂)
- Discovered by Joseph Priestley and Carl Scheele in 1774.
- Highly reactive nonmetallic element, reacting with most other elements.
- Heavier than air
- Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas.
- Soluble in water.
- Highly electronegative and an oxidizing agent
- Most abundant element by mass in Earth's crust
- Part of oxide compounds like silicon dioxide
- Essential for aerobic respiration.
Physical Properties of Oxygen
- Cools to a liquid at -183°C
- Solidifies below -218°C, appearing as a light sky-blue liquid and solid
- Exists as diatomic molecules (O₂) and triatomic molecules (ozone, O₃). Ozone is poisonous but shields Earth from harmful UV radiation.
Preparation of Oxygen
- Various methods exist:
- Thermal decomposition of certain salts (e.g. potassium chlorate or potassium nitrate)
- Thermal decomposition of metal peroxides or hydrogen peroxide
- Thermal decomposition of metal oxides.
Classification of Oxides
- Oxides are compounds formed by the reaction of oxygen with other elements
- Different types exist:
- Acidic oxides: Formed by nonmetals, these react with water to form acids (e.g., CO₂ forms carbonic acid, SO₃ forms sulfuric acid). When these oxides combine with bases, they produce salts, e.g. SO₃ + NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
- Basic oxides: Formed by metals, these react with water to form hydroxides (e.g., CaO forms calcium hydroxide, K₂O forms potassium hydroxide). They produce salts upon combining with acids.
- Neutral oxides: These oxides do not exhibit acidic or basic properties and don't form salts when reacting with acids or bases (e.g., carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxide (N₂O), nitric oxide (NO)).
- Amphoteric oxides: Exhibit both acidic and basic properties depending on the reacting substance (e.g., aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)).
- Compound oxides: Formed by a metal with two different oxidation states (e.g., ferric oxide, Fe₃O₄). Upon reacting with acids, these oxides produce a mixture of salts.
Applications of Oxygen
- Essential for respiration in living organisms
- Used in combustion
- Medical purposes
- Welding and cutting metals (high temperatures required)
- Making steel and methanol
- Melting processes
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fascinating elements of Group 6A, known as the chalcogens, including oxygen, sulfur, and more. Learn about their properties, electron configurations, and oxidation states, highlighting the significance of oxygen in various compounds and its role in life processes. This quiz will deepen your understanding of these essential elements.
