Group 1A: Alkali Metals Flashcards

Study Notes

Alkali Metals Overview

Alkali metals belong to Group 1A of the periodic table.
They are known for being the most reactive metals.

Hydrogen Facts

Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.
Also referred to as "inflammable air."
Protium is the most common isotope of hydrogen, followed by deuterium (heavy hydrogen) and tritium (radioactive hydrogen).

Lithium Insights

Lithium is recognized as the lightest metal and the lightest element overall.
Pharmaceutical uses include being a depressant and a diuretic.
Non-pharmaceutical applications encompass its use in heat exchangers for air conditioning.
Important lithium compounds include:
- Lithium Bromide: depressant.
- Lithium Carbonate: used for treating mania.
- Lithium Fluoride: used in the manufacture of ceramics.
- Lithium Stearate: utilized in cosmetics, plastics, and powder metallurgy.
- Lithium Hydroxide: absorbs CO2.
- Lithium Chloride: contributes to the manufacture of mineral water.

Sodium Characteristics

Sodium, also known as natrium, is essential for various applications.
Primary pharmaceutical uses include fluid retention treatment.
Sodium compounds vary widely, consisting of 19 different types, including:
- Sodium Acetate (Sodium ethanoate): diuretic and antacid.
- Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking soda): carbonating agent, but can cause systemic alkalosis and rebound hyperacidity.
- Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate: used as a cathartic and in enemas.
- Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium pyrosulfite): acts as a water-soluble antioxidant.
- Sodium Chloride (NaCl): known as rock salt or table salt; used as an electrolyte replenisher.
- Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic soda): used in making hard soap.
- Sodium Iodide: treats goiter and acts as an expectorant and antifungal.

Additional Sodium Uses and Compounds

Sodium Lactate: functions as an antacid and diuretic.
Sodium Nitrate (Salitre): serves as a vasodilator and preservative, and treats cyanide poisoning.
Sodium Nitrite (Chile salt peter): used in explosives and recognized as the oldest known inorganic fertilizer.
Sodium Thiocyanate: acts as a hypotensive agent.

Important Sodium Functions

Sodium sulfate is known as Glaubers salt.
Sodium tartrate: serves as a primary standard for water content determination in various analyses.

Description

Test your knowledge of Group 1A alkali metals with these flashcards. Learn about their characteristics, reactivity, and the elements that belong to this group. Ideal for chemistry students looking to enhance their understanding of the periodic table.