Group 1 Elements Properties

Down the Group

• The valency of elements in a group remains constant because they have the same valence electrons.
• The group number can be used to determine the valency of an element.

Valency of Elements in Different Groups

• Group 1 elements have a valency of 1, which means they lose one electron to achieve stability.
• Group 2 elements have a valency of 2, which means they lose two electrons to achieve stability.
• Group 13 elements have a valency of 3, which means they lose three electrons to achieve stability.
• Group 14 elements have a valency of 4, which means they share four electrons to achieve stability.
• Group 15 elements have a valency of 3, which means they gain three electrons to achieve stability.
• Group 16 elements have a valency of 2, which means they gain two electrons to achieve stability.
• Group 17 elements have a valency of 1, which means they gain one electron to achieve stability.
• Group 18 elements have a valency of 0, which means they neither gain nor lose electrons to achieve stability.

Atomic Size

• Atomic size is measured in terms of atomic radius.
• Atomic radius is the distance between the centre of a nucleus and the outermost shell.
• Atomic radius is measured in picometres (pm), with 1 pm equal to 10^-12 meters.