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describe and differentiate between grey matter and white matter.
grey matter: a cluster of cell bodies, small unmyelinated neurons and cell bodies of neurons. eg: hippocampus and amygdala
white matter: glial cells (myelinated), myelinated axons
before MRIs, we used to use which method for brain imaging and diagnosis?
Staining can be used for Alzheimers and CTE?
True
explain how Nissl (cresyl violet) staining occurs
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About 150 years ago, there was a big rush for creating new stains and _____ _____ was a happy accident that was created during this time period. 2 words
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when staining with golgi stain, all parts of the brain, neurons, change color
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golgi stains allow for adult neurons to become visible
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golgi stains are very valuable for disorders involving (a)____, and (b) _____ structures, such as disorders like (c ) ______ and (d) _____ disabilities
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there are 2 broad categories of cells - neurons and glia
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BRIEFLY describe neurons and state their categories
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Study Notes
Grey Matter vs. White Matter
- Grey matter consists of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses, primarily involved in processing information.
- White matter is composed of myelinated axons that facilitate communication between different brain regions.
Brain Imaging Before MRIs
- Prior to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), methods such as computed tomography (CT) and X-rays were utilized for brain imaging and diagnosis.
Staining in Alzheimer's and CTE
- Staining techniques are applicable for identifying pathological features in Alzheimer’s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).
Nissl Staining Process
- Nissl staining, particularly with cresyl violet, labels ribosomal RNA in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of neurons, highlighting cell bodies.
Historical Stains Development
- About 150 years ago, there was a surge in creating new stains, leading to the happy accident of "aniline dye."
Golgi Stain Characteristics
- Golgi stains reveal entire neuron structures, including the cell body and dendritic trees, providing a comprehensive view of neuronal morphology.
- These stains are crucial for visualizing adult neurons within various brain regions.
Application of Golgi Stains
- Valuable for studying disorders involving (a) neuronal connectivity and (b) morphological structures, relevant to (c) schizophrenia and (d) developmental disabilities.
Cell Types in the Brain
- The brain contains two main categories of cells:
- Neurons: Specialized cells responsible for transmitting information via electrical and chemical signals.
- Glia: Supportive cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons.
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Description
This quiz explores the differences between grey matter and white matter in the brain, including their functions and structures. Test your knowledge of brain anatomy and learn more about these essential components.
