Questions and Answers
What is the study of heredity known as?
What are alleles?
The different forms of a gene.
What are traits?
Physical characteristics of organisms.
What is a recessive allele?
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What are genes?
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What is a hybrid?
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What is heredity?
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What is a dominant allele?
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What is a purebred?
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What does the parental generation refer to?
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What is the F1 generation?
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Mendel reasoned, 'factors exist in __.'
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Mendel reasoned, 'one factor in a pair can _______ the other.'
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What symbol is used for a dominant allele?
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What symbol is used for a recessive allele?
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Who is known as the 'Father of Genetics'?
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What organism did Gregor Mendel study extensively?
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What are the results of the F2 generation?
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What notable achievement did Mrs. Stewart accomplish this year?
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Study Notes
Genetics Overview
- Genetics is the scientific study of heredity, examining how traits are inherited from one generation to the next.
- Heredity involves the transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to offspring.
Key Terms and Definitions
- Alleles represent different forms of a gene that contribute to variation in traits.
- Traits are the observable physical characteristics of organisms, influenced by alleles.
- Dominant alleles always express their traits in the organism, while recessive alleles are masked by dominant alleles unless two recessive alleles are present.
- Hybrid organisms have two different alleles for a given trait, showcasing genetic diversity.
Mendelian Concepts
- Purebred individuals carry two identical alleles, ensuring consistent traits in offspring.
- The parental generation consists of a cross between a purebred dominant and a purebred recessive organism.
- The first filial (F1) generation results from this parental cross, exhibiting traits from the dominant allele.
- The second filial (F2) generation shows a phenotypic ratio of 3:1, where approximately 75% display the dominant trait and 25% exhibit the recessive trait.
Mendel's Work
- Gregor Mendel, known as the "Father of Genetics," conducted extensive studies on pea plants in a monastery garden to uncover the principles of inheritance.
- Mendel postulated that genetic factors exist in pairs and that one factor can mask or hide the expression of another.
Symbolic Representation
- Dominant alleles are typically represented by capital letters, while recessive alleles are denoted with lowercase letters, providing a visual cue for genetic representation.
Fun Fact
- Mrs. Stewart, a notable individual mentioned, achieved a personal milestone by shooting her first deer this year.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics. Each card focuses on crucial terms in genetics, such as alleles, traits, and the concept of recessive alleles. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of heredity and genetic science.
