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Questions and Answers
What are the major physiographic divisions of India?
What are the major physiographic divisions of India?
The major physiographic divisions of India are: The Himalayan Mountains, The Northern Plains, The Peninsular Plateau, The Indian Desert, The Coastal Plains, The Islands.
How are the Himalayan Mountains described geologically?
How are the Himalayan Mountains described geologically?
The Himalayan Mountains are described as geologically young and structurally fold mountains.
In which direction do the Himalayan Mountains run?
In which direction do the Himalayan Mountains run?
The Himalayan Mountains run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra.
What is the width of the Himalayas in Kashmir and Arunachal Pradesh?
What is the width of the Himalayas in Kashmir and Arunachal Pradesh?
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What is the northern-most range of the Himalayas called?
What is the northern-most range of the Himalayas called?
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What is the average height of the peaks in the Great or Inner Himalayas?
What is the average height of the peaks in the Great or Inner Himalayas?
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How many parallel ranges are there in the longitudinal extent of the Himalayas?
How many parallel ranges are there in the longitudinal extent of the Himalayas?
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What covers a distance of about 2,400 Km in India?
What covers a distance of about 2,400 Km in India?
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What is the altitude variation like between the eastern and western halves of the Himalayas?
What is the altitude variation like between the eastern and western halves of the Himalayas?
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Which range of the Himalayas contains all the prominent peaks?
Which range of the Himalayas contains all the prominent peaks?
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Study Notes
Major Peaks of the Himalayas
- Everest: 8848 metres, situated in Nepal
- Kanchenjunga: 8598 metres, located between Nepal and India
- Makalu: 8481 metres, lies in Nepal
- Dhaulagiri: 8172 metres, found in Nepal
- Nanga Parbat: 8126 metres, situated in Pakistan
- Annapurna: 8078 metres, located in Nepal
- Nanda Devi: 7817 metres, found in India
- Kamet: 7756 metres, located in India
- Namcha Barwa: 7756 metres, situated in Tibet, China
- Gurla Mandhata: 7728 metres, located in Nepal
Geographical Features of the Himalayas
- The Great Himalayas feature asymmetrical folds, primarily composed of granite.
- Characterized by perpetual snow cover and numerous descending glaciers.
- Ranges include the Himadri (Great Himalayas) and the Himachal (Lesser Himalayas), with rugged terrains mainly of compressed rocks.
- The altitude of the Himachal beds ranges from 3700 to 4500 metres, covering an average width of 50 km.
Significant Ranges and Valleys
- The Pir Panjal range is recognized as the longest and most significant range of the Himachal.
- Prominent ranges include Dhaula Dhar and Mahabharat, with valleys such as Kashmir, Kangra, and Kullu thriving in this region.
- Renowned hill stations include Mussoorie, Nainital, and Ranikhet, each connected to their respective states.
The Shiwaliks
- The outermost Himalayan range is known as the Shiwaliks, with a width of 10-50 km and an altitude between 900 and 1100 metres.
- Composed of unconsolidated sediments, predominantly deposited by southward-flowing rivers into the valleys.
Longitudinal Valleys
- Valleys between the Lesser Himalaya and the Shiwaliks are called Duns, examples include Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun, and Patli Dun.
Regional Divisions of the Himalayas
- The Himalayas are divided into regions based on the river valleys:
- Punjab Himalaya: Between Indus and Satluj.
- Kumaon Himalaya: Between Satluj and Kali rivers.
- Nepal Himalayas: Demarcated by Kali and Teesta rivers.
- Assam Himalayas: Lies between Teesta and Dihang rivers.
- The eastern boundary is marked by the Brahmaputra river; beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas shift southward along India's eastern border.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the features of the Great Himalayas including its peaks, asymmetrical folds, composition, perennial snow, glaciers, and passes. Identify the key characteristics that define this majestic mountain range.
