Great Exploration Quiz
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Questions and Answers

During which centuries did the Great Exploration primarily occur?

  • 16th to 17th Century
  • 14th to 15th Century
  • 15th to 16th Century (correct)
  • 17th to 18th Century

What was a significant event that prompted Europeans to seek new trade routes to Asia?

  • The discovery of America
  • The plague in Europe
  • The invention of the compass
  • The Turks taking over Constantinople (correct)

Which of the following countries was NOT involved in the Great Exploration?

  • Italy (correct)
  • Spain
  • France
  • Portugal

What motivated Europeans to trade with Asia during the Great Exploration?

<p>Richness from trading silks and spices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What evidence suggests that the Vikings were the first European settlers in North America?

<p>Archaeological discovery at L'Anse aux Meadows (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Jacques Cartier's main objectives during his voyages?

<p>To convert indigenous peoples to Christianity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During his first voyage in 1534, what significant act did Cartier perform?

<p>Planted a cross to claim the land for France (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What notable event occurred during Cartier's second voyage in 1535?

<p>Conflicts erupted with indigenous people (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misconception did Cartier have during his third voyage in 1541?

<p>Assuming he found gold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome for the chief captured during Cartier's second voyage?

<p>He died in France after his capture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant discovery did John Cabot make in 1497?

<p>Great fishing banks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was the demand for fish particularly high in Europe?

<p>Christians consumed fish on Fridays (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic activities did European fishermen engage in when they settled in Newfoundland?

<p>Cod fishing and whaling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What items did Europeans barter with Indigenous people?

<p>Axes and knives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did European arrival affect the Indigenous way of life?

<p>It made Indigenous daily lives easier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one major impact of European arrival on indigenous hunting practices?

<p>Indigenous people hunted more to provide for the Europeans. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason Europeans were motivated to find a western sea route?

<p>To discover a western sea route to Asia. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did trade change among indigenous groups after Europeans arrived?

<p>Trade disruptions led to tension and rivalry due to direct trade with Europeans. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of King Francis I's motivations for sending Jacques Cartier on his voyage?

<p>To claim land for France. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did missionaries play in the European exploration of indigenous lands?

<p>They aimed to convert indigenous people to Christianity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Great Exploration

The period of time between the 15th and 16th centuries where European nations embarked on voyages of exploration and discovery, primarily driven by the desire for new trade routes to Asia.

Why did the Great Explorations occur?

The Ottoman Empire's capture of Constantinople in 1493 disrupted Europe's traditional trade routes to Asia, forcing them to seek alternative sea routes.

Who were the main players?

Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, and France were the major European powers involved in the Great Exploration.

Vikings: First Europeans in North America?

Archaeological evidence at L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland, dating back to 1000 AD, suggests that Vikings established a settlement in North America, making them the earliest known European settlers of the continent.

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Discovery of Great Fishing Banks

The Great Fishing Banks are rich fishing grounds located off the coast of North America, known for their abundance of cod and other fish species.

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What did John Cabot discover in 1497?

John Cabot discovered vast fishing grounds off the coast of Newfoundland in 1497, abundant with cod and other fish.

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Why did Europeans settle in Newfoundland?

European fishermen arrived in Newfoundland to fish for cod and hunt whales, establishing temporary settlements to take advantage of the vast resources.

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Why was there high demand for fish in Europe?

The high demand for fish in Europe, driven by religious practices of consuming fish on Fridays and other holidays, led to major economic activity centered around the fishing banks.

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How did Europeans learn about the fur trade?

The frequent interactions between Europeans and Indigenous people in Newfoundland led to an awareness of the vast fur trade potential in North America.

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Why did European trade with Indigenous people?

European goods, such as axes, knives, pots, hammers, nails, and clothes, were traded for fur with the Indigenous people, greatly benefitting both parties.

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Increased Hunting

Indigenous peoples hunted more to provide for Europeans. This contradicted their own religious beliefs and traditions.

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Dietary Changes

Nomadic tribes spent more time hunting and needed to supplement their meals with resources from sedentary communities and Europeans.

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Trade Disruptions

Trade among indigenous groups was disrupted by European trade. Those who traded directly with Europeans gained advantages, leading to tension and rivalry.

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Colonial Empire

European powers (like Spain and Portugal) wanted to create colonies to compete with each other.

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Sea Route to Asia

Europeans wanted to find a sea route to Asia to trade for spices and other goods.

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Cartier's First Voyage (1534)

Jacques Cartier's first voyage in 1534 involved exploring the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, planting a cross to claim the land for France, and bringing back two indigenous sons of chiefs.

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Cartier's Second Voyage (1535)

During his second voyage in 1535, Cartier faced harsh conditions, losing 25 out of 110 men due to disease. He spent the winter at Stadacona, experiencing conflict with the indigenous people. Capture and death of a chief (Donnica) led to tension between the French and locals.

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Cartier's Third Voyage (1541)

Cartier's third voyage in 1541 was motivated by the belief in the existence of gold in the region. The harsh winter made him return to France, leaving Roberval in charge.

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Cartier's Missionary Efforts

Cartier's efforts were also focused on converting the indigenous people to Christianity.

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