16 Questions
What is the main characteristic of a gray hat hacker?
They report vulnerabilities rather than fully exploiting them.
What does the term 'Malware' come from?
MALicious softWARE
What is the primary function of anti-malware programs?
To prevent malware infections
What is a Trojan Horse?
An email virus that can duplicate itself
What is the primary method of avoiding Trojan Horse attacks?
Using a security suite like Avast Internet Security
What is password cracking?
A hacking method to determine passwords
What is phishing?
An attempt to steal sensitive information
What is a digital footprint?
Information about a person that exists on the Internet
What is the primary purpose of Cybersecurity?
To protect information from security threats
What type of hacker is considered a cybercriminal?
Black Hat Hacker
What is a virus in the context of Cybersecurity?
A program that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge
Why are strong passwords important in Cybersecurity?
To prevent hacking and unauthorized access
What is the primary goal of a White Hat Hacker?
To identify and fix vulnerabilities
What is a Trojan Horse in the context of Cybersecurity?
A type of malware that disguises itself as a legitimate program
What is the best way to protect your computer from viruses and worms?
Install a security suite that protects the computer
What is the meaning of the word CYBER?
Relating to the Internet and virtual reality
Study Notes
Types of Hackers
- Gray hat hackers: do not have prior knowledge or consent of system owners, but report weaknesses instead of exploiting them, and may demand payment for full details.
- White hat hackers (ethical security hackers): identify and fix vulnerabilities with permission from the organization, to strengthen overall internet security.
- Black hat hackers (cybercriminals): illegally crack systems with malicious intent, seeking to gain unauthorized access to computer systems.
Malware
- Definition: software that infects and damages a computer system without the owner's knowledge or permission.
- Prevention: download anti-malware program, activate network threat protection, firewall, and antivirus.
Trojan Horses
- Definition: email viruses that can duplicate themselves, steal information, or harm the computer system.
- Prevention: use security suites like Avast Internet security to prevent downloading Trojan Horses.
- Launch methods: email phishing, malicious websites, or exploiting software vulnerabilities.
Password Cracking
- Definition: attacks by hackers to determine or find passwords to access protected electronic areas and social network sites.
- Prevention: use strong passwords, never use the same password for two different sites.
Cybersecurity
- Definition: security offered through online services to protect information.
- Need: necessary to secure data from threats like data theft or misuse, and safeguard systems from viruses.
Related Terms
- Phishing: attempt to steal sensitive information, typically in the form of usernames, passwords, credit card numbers, or bank account information.
- Digital footprint: information about a person that exists on the internet as a result of their online activity, even after deletion.
- Cyber: combination form relating to information technology, the internet, and virtual reality.
Viruses and Worms
- Definition: programs loaded onto a computer without knowledge and running against wishes.
- Solution: install a security suite that protects the computer against viruses and worms.
Hacking
- Definition: breaking into computers by gaining access to administrative controls.
- Prevention: effective security controls including strong passwords and the use of firewall can help prevent hacking.
Learn about gray hat hackers, their actions, and the concept of malware. Understand the intent and behavior of gray hat hackers and how they differ from black hat hackers.
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