Gray Hat Hackers and Malware
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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of a gray hat hacker?

  • They demand payment in exchange for providing full details.
  • They have malicious intent to exploit vulnerabilities.
  • They report vulnerabilities rather than fully exploiting them. (correct)
  • They have prior knowledge or consent of those whose systems they hack into.

    • What does the term 'Malware' come from?

  • MALicious system infection
  • MALicious online attack
  • MALicious softWARE (correct)
  • MALicious computer virus

    • What is the primary function of anti-malware programs?

  • To spread malware
  • To steal passwords
  • To prevent malware infections (correct)
  • To duplicate itself

    • What is a Trojan Horse?

    <p>An email virus that can duplicate itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of avoiding Trojan Horse attacks?

    <p>Using a security suite like Avast Internet Security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is password cracking?

    <p>A hacking method to determine passwords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is phishing?

    <p>An attempt to steal sensitive information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a digital footprint?

    <p>Information about a person that exists on the Internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Cybersecurity?

    <p>To protect information from security threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hacker is considered a cybercriminal?

    <p>Black Hat Hacker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a virus in the context of Cybersecurity?

    <p>A program that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are strong passwords important in Cybersecurity?

    <p>To prevent hacking and unauthorized access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a White Hat Hacker?

    <p>To identify and fix vulnerabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Trojan Horse in the context of Cybersecurity?

    <p>A type of malware that disguises itself as a legitimate program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way to protect your computer from viruses and worms?

    <p>Install a security suite that protects the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the word CYBER?

    <p>Relating to the Internet and virtual reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Hackers

    • Gray hat hackers: do not have prior knowledge or consent of system owners, but report weaknesses instead of exploiting them, and may demand payment for full details.
    • White hat hackers (ethical security hackers): identify and fix vulnerabilities with permission from the organization, to strengthen overall internet security.
    • Black hat hackers (cybercriminals): illegally crack systems with malicious intent, seeking to gain unauthorized access to computer systems.

    Malware

    • Definition: software that infects and damages a computer system without the owner's knowledge or permission.
    • Prevention: download anti-malware program, activate network threat protection, firewall, and antivirus.

    Trojan Horses

    • Definition: email viruses that can duplicate themselves, steal information, or harm the computer system.
    • Prevention: use security suites like Avast Internet security to prevent downloading Trojan Horses.
    • Launch methods: email phishing, malicious websites, or exploiting software vulnerabilities.

    Password Cracking

    • Definition: attacks by hackers to determine or find passwords to access protected electronic areas and social network sites.
    • Prevention: use strong passwords, never use the same password for two different sites.

    Cybersecurity

    • Definition: security offered through online services to protect information.
    • Need: necessary to secure data from threats like data theft or misuse, and safeguard systems from viruses.
    • Phishing: attempt to steal sensitive information, typically in the form of usernames, passwords, credit card numbers, or bank account information.
    • Digital footprint: information about a person that exists on the internet as a result of their online activity, even after deletion.
    • Cyber: combination form relating to information technology, the internet, and virtual reality.

    Viruses and Worms

    • Definition: programs loaded onto a computer without knowledge and running against wishes.
    • Solution: install a security suite that protects the computer against viruses and worms.

    Hacking

    • Definition: breaking into computers by gaining access to administrative controls.
    • Prevention: effective security controls including strong passwords and the use of firewall can help prevent hacking.

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    Description

    Learn about gray hat hackers, their actions, and the concept of malware. Understand the intent and behavior of gray hat hackers and how they differ from black hat hackers.

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