Grasp Training Experiment 2

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Questions and Answers

What was the duration of the grasp training in Experiment 2?

4 minutes

8 minutes

10 minutes

6 minutes (correct)

In the motion-detection task, what was measured to assess participant performance?

Mean confidence rating of task completion

Mean percentage of signal dots at motion-coherence threshold (correct)

Mean number of errors made during the task

Mean time taken to complete each task

What two hand-posture conditions were used during the tasks in Experiment 2?

Little-fingers-near and hands-far (correct)

Open and closed

Standard and extended

Thumbless and fingertip

What is indicated by the error bars representing ±1 SEM in the results?

Variability of scores calculated within subjects Signup and view all the answers

Which type of grasp do participants typically use for precision tasks?

Precision grasp Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the tasks did participants engage in after the grasp training?

Both motion and form tasks Signup and view all the answers

What did participants do before receiving instructions for the next target location?

Paused for a brief rest Signup and view all the answers

What relationship was examined in Experiment 1 regarding visual processing?

The impact of hand posture on motion detection Signup and view all the answers

What determined whether the signal dots in the task were arranged into a radial or concentric pattern?

Random determination across trials Signup and view all the answers

How long did participants engage in the grasp-training task?

6 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Which hand posture was adopted for half of the blocks during the experiment?

Backs of hands near Signup and view all the answers

What type of analysis was conducted on the participants' scores?

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the significant findings of the analysis regarding time and performance?

Significant main effect of time Signup and view all the answers

Which of these was NOT a factor analyzed in the study?

Participants' age Signup and view all the answers

What were participants instructed to do at the beginning of each block of the experiment?

Maintain the appropriate posture Signup and view all the answers

How many blocks of each task did participants perform before and after the grasp training?

Eight blocks Signup and view all the answers

What kind of grasp led to increased temporal sensitivity in Experiment 1?

Power grasp Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant interaction identified in the research?

Three-way interaction of task, hand posture, and experiment Signup and view all the answers

What does ηp2 represent in this context?

Effect size Signup and view all the answers

What impact did training with different grasps have on participants?

Changes in processing stimuli near their hands Signup and view all the answers

Which grasp training led to increased spatial sensitivity in Experiment 2?

Precision grasp Signup and view all the answers

What kind of training session was shown to create a new zone of grasping space?

A brief training session Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key findings regarding visual processing after training?

Visual processing was evaluated in an affordance-specific manner Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of visual information did the power grasp training specifically bias processing toward?

Increased contribution from high-temporal-resolution visual information Signup and view all the answers

What specific enhancement was observed in participants after training with their little fingers?

Improved spatial sensitivity near the little fingers Signup and view all the answers

What type of grasp posture was associated with enhanced processing of temporal visual information?

Power-grasp posture Signup and view all the answers

What was the result for fine detail-oriented actions after training?

Improved fine spatial sensitivity Signup and view all the answers

How does recent action experience affect visual processing according to the findings?

It enhances processing relevant to practiced grasp affordances Signup and view all the answers

What does the research suggest about the relationship between vision and action?

There is a strong mutual influence between them Signup and view all the answers

What were the two types of tasks involved in Experiment 2?

Motion detection and form perception Signup and view all the answers

What does the plasticity of the visual-processing system indicate?

It can adapt based on learned actions Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'cross talk' refer to in the context of the findings?

Interaction between visual processing and hand movements Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as necessary for future work regarding visual biases in perihand space?

Investigating neural underpinnings Signup and view all the answers

What factor must be considered in any theory regarding altered vision near the hands?

Action experience and affordances Signup and view all the answers

What did the current results suggest regarding performance differences between hands-near and hands-far postures?

No performance differences Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for the content of the article?

L.E. Thomas Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT mentioned as a contribution to data collection?

Laura Novick Signup and view all the answers

What type of conflict regarding authorship did the author declare?

No conflicts of interest Signup and view all the answers

What does the referenced study by Brockmole et al. (2013) investigate?

Effects of hand posture on visual cognition Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the research described in the content?

The relationship between hand position and visual perception Signup and view all the answers

What does the research suggest about the role of hand position in visual perception?

Hand position alters vision by using different pathways. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the effects of body posture on reading?

Posture can impact reading when there is a meaningful context. Signup and view all the answers

Which visual pathway contributions have been studied in relation to visual perception near the hands?

Parvocellular and magnocellular pathways contribute uniquely. Signup and view all the answers

Which study found that sensitivity to perceptual illusions with awkward grasps decreases with practice?

Gonzalez et al. (2008) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding open data practices is true?

Open data practices enhance transparency in research. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Action Experience Biases Processing' imply about joint action?

It shows that vision is biased by our own actions. Signup and view all the answers

What role does practice play in sensitivity to visual illusions for different hands?

Right hand practice enhances sensitivity in visual illusions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding visual perception alterations?

Visual perception can dynamically change based on hand position. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Action Experience Drives Visual-Processing Biases Near the Hands

Observers have biases in visual processing for objects near their hands.
The mechanism that tunes visual cognition to facilitate actions is unknown.
Visual biases near the hands are plastic, adapting to learned grasp affordances.

Experiments

Experiment 1: Participants performed motion-detection and form-perception tasks with hands near the display in a power-grasp posture, or in their laps. Participants practiced a power grasp using the backs of their hands.
- Enhanced temporal sensitivity was observed for stimuli viewed near the back of the hands after training.
Experiment 2: Participants performed similar tasks, but practiced a precision grasp using the tips of their little fingers.
- Enhanced spatial sensitivity was observed for stimuli viewed near the tips of the little fingers after training.

Keywords

Visual processing
Plasticity
Action affordances
Open data

Method

Participants performed global-motion-detection and global-form-perception tasks.
Tasks were presented using MATLAB and Psychophysics Toolbox.
Stimuli were presented on a monitor.
Participants reported their responses verbally.
Motion and form thresholds were determined using staircase procedures.
Participants adopted different hand postures (near the display, in their laps).
Some groups trained to perform specific novel grasp affordances (power grasp, precision grasp).

Results

Experiment 1: Training with the power grasp led to enhanced temporal sensitivity in the hands-near condition.
Experiment 2: Training with the precision grasp led to enhanced spatial sensitivity in the little-fingers-near condition
No significant changes in either experiment for stimuli viewed far from the hands.

Discussion

Recent action experience can alter visual processing near the hands.
Training to perform different grasp types results in experience-based changes in the visual system.
Visual biases relating to hands' common actions (power grasp, precision grasp) are important in the visual system.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key elements of Experiment 2 in the grasp training study, including participant performance metrics and hand-posture conditions. This quiz covers various aspects of the experiment's methodology and findings.