Granuloma Annulare Disorder
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Questions and Answers

Which age group is granuloma annulare rare in?

  • Middle age
  • Adolescence
  • Infancy (correct)
  • Young adulthood
  • In which age group does the generalized or disseminated variant of granuloma annulare occur more commonly?

  • Middle-aged adults (correct)
  • Young adults
  • Infants
  • Elderly adults
  • What has research found about the gender preponderance in granuloma annulare?

  • Consistent male preponderance
  • Equal frequency in both genders
  • Consistent female preponderance
  • Varied findings, with some studies reporting female preponderance and others finding higher frequency in males (correct)
  • Are cases of granuloma annulare typically sporadic or familial?

    <p>Sporadic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of granuloma annulare occurs more frequently in children and young adults?

    <p>Localized annular form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where on the body are the sites of predilection for granuloma annulare lesions?

    <p>Dorsal hands, feet, ankles, lower limbs, and wrists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical diameter range of the annular or arcuate lesions in granuloma annulare?

    <p>1 to 5 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which color(s) may the annular or arcuate lesions in granuloma annulare be?

    <p>Skin colored, erythematous, or violaceous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the texture of the annular margin in granuloma annulare?

    <p>Firm to palpation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common morphology of generalized granuloma annulare?

    <p>Widespread papules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which age group is the generalized form of granuloma annulare said to comprise 8% to 15% of cases?

    <p>Adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common form of granuloma annulare?

    <p>Localized with annular lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the subcutaneous form of granuloma annulare?

    <p>Firm to hard, usually asymptomatic nodules located in the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the nodules of subcutaneous granuloma annulare most commonly located?

    <p>Anterior lower legs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the perforating type of granuloma annulare?

    <p>Central umbilication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the generalized form of granuloma annulare most commonly found?

    <p>Trunk and extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a rare variant of granuloma annulare characterized by transepidermal elimination of necrobiotic collagen?

    <p>Perforating type of granuloma annulare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complaint of patients with the perforating type of granuloma annulare?

    <p>Pruritus and pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reported characteristic of macular lesions in granuloma annulare in adult women?

    <p>Erythematous, redbrown, or violaceous patches without an annular rim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the observed feature alongside macular lesions in granuloma annulare?

    <p>Arcuate dermal erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the macular lesions in granuloma annulare commonly found in adult women?

    <p>Anywhere on the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reported association with painful lesions on the hands in granuloma annulare?

    <p>Joint disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which disorder are granuloma annulare-like skin lesions and joint disease found?

    <p>Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suspected triggering factor for granuloma annulare lesions in children?

    <p>Nonspecific mild trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug therapy has been associated with a granuloma annulare-like reaction?

    <p>Anti-inflammatory drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been linked to the development of interstitial granulomatous drug reaction?

    <p>Calcium channel blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the predilection for granuloma annulare lesions in patients after bacille Calmette–Guérin immunization?

    <p>Vaccination sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is believed to represent a granulomatous reaction to actinic elastosis?

    <p>Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drug therapy has been associated with an observed granuloma annulare-like reaction?

    <p>Gold therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a distinct entity but may mimic granuloma annulare?

    <p>Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggering factor has been implicated in the development of granuloma annulare?

    <p>Viral infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of infection did chronic relapsing granuloma annulare flare due to the Koebner phenomenon?

    <p>Scabies infestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease has been found to be associated with the development of granuloma annulare?

    <p>Active tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not included on the proposed mechanisms for the pathogenic mechanisms?

    <p>Bacterial infection leading to inflammation and tissue damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease is granuloma annulare primarily associated with?

    <p>Thyroid disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is primarily linked to granuloma annulare?

    <p>Type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What malignancy is granuloma annulare primarily associated with in adult patients?

    <p>Leukemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is granuloma annulare commonly found in patients with thyroid disease?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the increased prevalence of dyslipidemia commonly found in patients with granuloma annulare?

    <p>In cases with an annular morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of granuloma annulare is the increased prevalence of dyslipidemia more commonly found?

    <p>Generalized granuloma annulare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for obtaining a specimen for histopathologic examination in granuloma annulare?

    <p>To rule out generalized granuloma annulare or subcutaneous nodular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic histopathologic finding in granuloma annulare?

    <p>Devoid of nuclei and marked by a loss of definition of the collagen bundles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what magnification is the diagnosis of granuloma annulare best made?

    <p>Low magnification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical appearance of the inflammation foci in granuloma annulare?

    <p>Oval foci with a central core of altered collagen surrounded by a wall of palisaded histiocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary when the presentation of granuloma annulare is atypical, lesions are symptomatic, or the diagnosis is in doubt?

    <p>Histopathologic analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the changes usually observed in granuloma annulare?

    <p>Upper and middle dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant pattern of inflammation in the generalized form of granuloma annulare?

    <p>Interstitial, nonpalisaded pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are admixed with histiocytes in the granuloma and in a perivascular distribution?

    <p>Lymphocytes and plasma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be necessary to demonstrate the necrobiotic plug in perforating granuloma annulare?

    <p>Examination of serial sections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of subcutaneous granuloma annulare?

    <p>Large foci of necrobiosis in the deep dermis and subcutaneous fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual treatment options for granuloma annulare?

    <p>Awaiting spontaneous resolution, topical steroids, and intralesional steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long do most cases of localized granuloma annulare take to resolve spontaneously?

    <p>Within 2 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reported consequence of generalized granuloma annulare?

    <p>Scarring and milia formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic exam may be considered in the evaluation of generalized granuloma annulare?

    <p>Lipid studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

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