Gram-Positive Bacteria Review
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria?

  • Thin peptidoglycan layer
  • Variable peptidoglycan layer
  • No peptidoglycan layer
  • Thick peptidoglycan layer (correct)

    • What is the primary mode of transmission of Staphylococcus aureus?

  • Foodborne transmission
  • Vector-borne transmission
  • Airborne transmission
  • Direct contact through contaminated hands (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus colonies on blood agar?

  • b-hemolytic (correct)
  • Gamma-hemolytic
  • Alpha-hemolytic
  • Beta-hemolytic

    • What is the function of endospores in Gram-positive bacteria?

    <p>To allow survival in harsh environmental conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus regarding salt tolerance?

    <p>Halotolerant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical habitat of Staphylococcus aureus?

    <p>Human nose and skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors is responsible for detoxifying hydrogen peroxide?

    <p>Catalase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fibrinolysin (staphylokinase) in Staphylococcus aureus?

    <p>Dissolves fibrin clots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following toxins is responsible for causing epidermal separation in Staphylococcus aureus?

    <p>Exfoliatin A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of protein A in Staphylococcus aureus?

    <p>Prevents complement activation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus?

    <p>Possesses penicillinase enzyme (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors is responsible for causing food poisoning?

    <p>Enterotoxins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus?

    <p>Penicillinase-resistant penicillins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of Staphylococcus epidermidis colonies on blood agar?

    <p>Whitish and non-hemolytic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Staphylococcus epidermidis predominantly found in the human body?

    <p>Nasal passage and sweaty areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of Staphylococcus epidermidis virulence?

    <p>Biofilm formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common disease caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis?

    <p>Prosthetic valve endocarditis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm?

    <p>Polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape are streptococci?

    <p>Spherical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the habitat of Streptococcus pyogenes?

    <p>Human throat (oropharynx) and skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of hyaluronidase?

    <p>Degrades hyaluronic acid (spreading factor) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for producing scarlet fever?

    <p>Erythrogenic toxin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of M protein?

    <p>Molecular mimicry (ARF) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is elevated in antecedent pharyngitis?

    <p>Antistreptolysin O (ASO) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of Staphylococcus epidermidis are methicillin-resistant?

    <p>Over 50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Staphylococcus saprophyticus colonies on blood agar?

    <p>Whitish, non-hemolytic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common risk factor for getting a UTI in women, especially before menopause?

    <p>Sexual intercourse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for pain during urination?

    <p>Dysuria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antibiotic of choice for treating Staphylococcus saprophyticus infections?

    <p>TMP-SMX (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of bacteria that Staphylococcus saprophyticus is often compared to?

    <p>E. coli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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