Gram-Positive Bacteria Quiz

Thick (15-80 nm) wall, primarily peptidoglycan (40-80% dry weight) with multiple layers, and teichoic/teichuronic acids.

Thin (2 nm) wall with a peptidoglycan layer covered by an outer membrane containing LPS (lipopolysaccharide).

Provides structural support and protection against osmotic pressure in bacterial cell walls.

Polymer chains in Gram-positive cell walls, acting as surface antigens and involved in cell interactions.

The outer layer in a Gram-negative cell wall, containing the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule.

Component of the Gram-negative outer membrane; important in immune response and bacterial characteristics

Maintains shape, integrity, controls nutrient uptake, and plays a role in movement, reproduction and protection from harsh conditions.

Contain a thick layer of peptidoglycan and lack an outer membrane.

Contain a thin layer of peptidoglycan surrounded by an outer membrane containing LPS.

Gram-positive cell walls provide a barrier to permeability, bind magnesium, and are involved in autolytic enzyme activity.

A sugar acid replacement for teichoic acid, produced when phosphate is scarce.

Includes peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, neutral sugars (like mannose), and acidic sugars (like glucuronic acid).

More complex than Gram-positive, with less peptidoglycan, an outer membrane, lipopolysaccharides, and lipoproteins.

Complex molecules in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, often causing septic shock.

Gram-positive walls are simpler, thicker peptidoglycan, and lack an outer membrane; Gram-negative walls are more complex, have a thin peptidoglycan layer, and have an outer membrane.