Gram Positive Bacilli Classification and Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the unique shape of Actinomyces based on spores' position and branches' presence?

  • Branching filaments
  • V or L club-shaped
  • Irregular, branching gram-positive rods (correct)
  • Drum-stick appearance

Which of the following genera of Gram-positive bacilli is an obligate anaerobe?

  • Clostridium (correct)
  • Bacillus
  • Listeria
  • Corynebacterium

What is the main reservoir of Bacillus cereus?

  • Domestic animals, soil, and rice grains (correct)
  • Human skin
  • Water bodies
  • Air vents

Which toxin produced by Bacillus cereus resembles staphylococcal enterotoxin?

<p>Heat-labile enterotoxin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Bacillus cereus food poisoning typically transmitted?

<p>Eating reheated rice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main symptoms of Bacillus cereus food poisoning?

<p>Nausea, vomiting, and non-bloody diarrhea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis?

<p>Clostridium difficile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is associated with abscesses and draining sinus tracts?

<p>Actinomyces israelii (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the habitat of Nocardia asteroides?

<p>Soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is aerobic and weakly acid-fast?

<p>Nocardia asteroides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission for Clostridium difficile?

<p>Fecal-oral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disease is caused by Bacillus anthracis?

<p>Anthrax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the diphtheria toxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae characterized?

<p>It causes a grayish membrane to form on the throat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Listeria monocytogenes?

<p>Ingestion of unpasteurized milk products or raw vegetables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism causes tetanus and produces the tetanospasmin exotoxin?

<p>Clostridium tetani (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What toxin is responsible for causing gas gangrene in Clostridium perfringens infections?

<p>Alpha toxin (lecithinase) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is associated with food poisoning due to the production of an enterotoxin?

<p>Clostridium perfringens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic morphology of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

<p>Club-shaped, gram-positive rods arranged in V or L shapes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary habitat of Clostridium botulinum?

<p>Soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism exhibits the phenomenon of 'cold enhancement,' where it grows well at cold temperatures?

<p>Listeria monocytogenes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Clostridium tetani?

<p>Traumatic breaks in the skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main habitat of Clostridium difficile?

<p>Human colon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Actinomyces israelii primarily transmitted to cause actinomycosis?

<p>Airborne particles inhaled into the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Nocardia asteroides from Clostridium difficile and Actinomyces israelii in terms of Gram staining?

<p>Gram-positive filamentous, branching rods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is known for causing brain abscesses and is primarily found in the soil?

<p>Nocardia asteroides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which setting is pelvic actinomycosis often predisposed to occur?

<p>Retained intrauterine device (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following Gram-positive bacilli is an obligate aerobe?

<p>Bacillus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin produced by Bacillus cereus resembles cholera toxin?

<p>One of the two toxins it produces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reservoir of Bacillus cereus?

<p>Soil, domestic animals, and rice grains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the characteristic shape of Corynebacterium species appear?

<p>V or L club-shaped (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following genera is known for its irregular, branching Gram-positive rods?

<p>Actinomyces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mode of transmission is typically associated with Bacillus cereus food poisoning?

<p>Consuming reheated rice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is characterized by a painless ulcer with a black eschar and local edema?

<p>Cutaneous anthrax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of pulmonary anthrax?

<p>Bloody pleural effusions and septic shock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of anthrax is characterized by vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea?

<p>Gastrointestinal anthrax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of the throat in diphtheria?

<p>Grayish membrane that bleeds when removed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is responsible for causing meningitis and sepsis in newborns and immunocompromised adults?

<p>Listeria monocytogenes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Listeria monocytogenes?

<p>Ingestion of unpasteurized milk products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is caused by the exotoxin tetanospasmin produced by Clostridium tetani?

<p>Tetanus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic morphology of Clostridium tetani under the microscope?

<p>Gram-positive rods with a terminal spore (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin is responsible for causing gas gangrene in Clostridium perfringens infections?

<p>Alpha toxin (lecithinase) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary habitat of Clostridium botulinum?

<p>Soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary habitat of Nocardia asteroides?

<p>Soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mode of transmission for Actinomyces israelii causing actinomycosis?

<p>Airborne particles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is responsible for causing lung and brain abscesses and is transmitted via airborne particles?

<p>Nocardia asteroides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is predisposed to pelvic actinomycosis, especially in cases of retained intrauterine devices?

<p>Actinomycosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic morphology of Nocardia asteroides under the microscope?

<p>Aerobic Gram-positive filamentous branching rods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following Gram-positive bacilli is classified as an obligate anaerobe?

<p>Bacillus anthracis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Actinomyces from other Gram-positive rods based on its shape?

<p>Branching filaments appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Bacillus species is primarily an obligate aerobe?

<p>Bacillus anthracis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reservoir of Listeria monocytogenes?

<p>Seafood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Gram-positive bacillus exhibits 'cold enhancement' phenomenon, growing well at cold temperatures?

<p>Actinomyces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of Corynebacterium based on spores' position and branches' presence?

<p>'V' or 'L' club-shaped appearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial symptom of Diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

<p>High temperature and chills (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is characterized by symptoms resembling influenza and rapidly progressing to hemorrhagic mediastinitis and septic shock?

<p>Anthrax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Listeria monocytogenes primarily transmitted to cause sepsis in neonates and gastroenteritis?

<p>Consumption of unpasteurized milk products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Clostridium tetani in terms of spore position compared to other organisms?

<p>Terminal spore (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is known for causing gas gangrene due to its alpha toxin, along with food poisoning?

<p>Clostridium perfringens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the habitat of Bacillus cereus, known for causing food poisoning?

<p>Soil and human colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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