Gram Positive Bacilli Classification and Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the unique shape of Actinomyces based on spores' position and branches' presence?

  • Branching filaments
  • V or L club-shaped
  • Irregular, branching gram-positive rods (correct)
  • Drum-stick appearance

    • Which of the following genera of Gram-positive bacilli is an obligate anaerobe?

  • Clostridium (correct)
  • Bacillus
  • Listeria
  • Corynebacterium

    • What is the main reservoir of Bacillus cereus?

  • Domestic animals, soil, and rice grains (correct)
  • Human skin
  • Water bodies
  • Air vents

    • Which toxin produced by Bacillus cereus resembles staphylococcal enterotoxin?

    <p>Heat-labile enterotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Bacillus cereus food poisoning typically transmitted?

    <p>Eating reheated rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main symptoms of Bacillus cereus food poisoning?

    <p>Nausea, vomiting, and non-bloody diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis?

    <p>Clostridium difficile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is associated with abscesses and draining sinus tracts?

    <p>Actinomyces israelii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the habitat of Nocardia asteroides?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is aerobic and weakly acid-fast?

    <p>Nocardia asteroides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for Clostridium difficile?

    <p>Fecal-oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease is caused by Bacillus anthracis?

    <p>Anthrax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the diphtheria toxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae characterized?

    <p>It causes a grayish membrane to form on the throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for Listeria monocytogenes?

    <p>Ingestion of unpasteurized milk products or raw vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism causes tetanus and produces the tetanospasmin exotoxin?

    <p>Clostridium tetani</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What toxin is responsible for causing gas gangrene in Clostridium perfringens infections?

    <p>Alpha toxin (lecithinase)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is associated with food poisoning due to the production of an enterotoxin?

    <p>Clostridium perfringens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic morphology of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

    <p>Club-shaped, gram-positive rods arranged in V or L shapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary habitat of Clostridium botulinum?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism exhibits the phenomenon of 'cold enhancement,' where it grows well at cold temperatures?

    <p>Listeria monocytogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for Clostridium tetani?

    <p>Traumatic breaks in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main habitat of Clostridium difficile?

    <p>Human colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Actinomyces israelii primarily transmitted to cause actinomycosis?

    <p>Airborne particles inhaled into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Nocardia asteroides from Clostridium difficile and Actinomyces israelii in terms of Gram staining?

    <p>Gram-positive filamentous, branching rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is known for causing brain abscesses and is primarily found in the soil?

    <p>Nocardia asteroides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which setting is pelvic actinomycosis often predisposed to occur?

    <p>Retained intrauterine device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following Gram-positive bacilli is an obligate aerobe?

    <p>Bacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin produced by Bacillus cereus resembles cholera toxin?

    <p>One of the two toxins it produces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reservoir of Bacillus cereus?

    <p>Soil, domestic animals, and rice grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the characteristic shape of Corynebacterium species appear?

    <p>V or L club-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following genera is known for its irregular, branching Gram-positive rods?

    <p>Actinomyces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of transmission is typically associated with Bacillus cereus food poisoning?

    <p>Consuming reheated rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is characterized by a painless ulcer with a black eschar and local edema?

    <p>Cutaneous anthrax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom of pulmonary anthrax?

    <p>Bloody pleural effusions and septic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of anthrax is characterized by vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea?

    <p>Gastrointestinal anthrax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of the throat in diphtheria?

    <p>Grayish membrane that bleeds when removed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is responsible for causing meningitis and sepsis in newborns and immunocompromised adults?

    <p>Listeria monocytogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for Listeria monocytogenes?

    <p>Ingestion of unpasteurized milk products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by the exotoxin tetanospasmin produced by Clostridium tetani?

    <p>Tetanus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic morphology of Clostridium tetani under the microscope?

    <p>Gram-positive rods with a terminal spore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin is responsible for causing gas gangrene in Clostridium perfringens infections?

    <p>Alpha toxin (lecithinase)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary habitat of Clostridium botulinum?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary habitat of Nocardia asteroides?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mode of transmission for Actinomyces israelii causing actinomycosis?

    <p>Airborne particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is responsible for causing lung and brain abscesses and is transmitted via airborne particles?

    <p>Nocardia asteroides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is predisposed to pelvic actinomycosis, especially in cases of retained intrauterine devices?

    <p>Actinomycosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic morphology of Nocardia asteroides under the microscope?

    <p>Aerobic Gram-positive filamentous branching rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following Gram-positive bacilli is classified as an obligate anaerobe?

    <p>Bacillus anthracis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Actinomyces from other Gram-positive rods based on its shape?

    <p>Branching filaments appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Bacillus species is primarily an obligate aerobe?

    <p>Bacillus anthracis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reservoir of Listeria monocytogenes?

    <p>Seafood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Gram-positive bacillus exhibits 'cold enhancement' phenomenon, growing well at cold temperatures?

    <p>Actinomyces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of Corynebacterium based on spores' position and branches' presence?

    <p>'V' or 'L' club-shaped appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial symptom of Diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

    <p>High temperature and chills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is characterized by symptoms resembling influenza and rapidly progressing to hemorrhagic mediastinitis and septic shock?

    <p>Anthrax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Listeria monocytogenes primarily transmitted to cause sepsis in neonates and gastroenteritis?

    <p>Consumption of unpasteurized milk products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Clostridium tetani in terms of spore position compared to other organisms?

    <p>Terminal spore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is known for causing gas gangrene due to its alpha toxin, along with food poisoning?

    <p>Clostridium perfringens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the habitat of Bacillus cereus, known for causing food poisoning?

    <p>Soil and human colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

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