Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Wall Structure
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Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Wall Structure

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria?

Acts as a protective barrier against harmful substances

What is the role of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Gram-negative bacteria?

Contributes to the structural integrity of the outer membrane

How do Gram-negative bacteria protect themselves from attack by most peptidases?

By incorporating D-amino acids into their peptidoglycan structure

What are porins in Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Proteins that form channels in the outer membrane for nutrient transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core polysaccharide component of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) responsible for?

<p>Attaching the LPS to the lipid A portion</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Gram-negative bacteria protect themselves from harmful substances in their environment?

<p>By utilizing porins for selective permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Barrier to certain substances like antibiotics and enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Helps in evading phagocytosis and complement actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria affect antibiotic effectiveness?

<p>Provides a barrier to certain antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are porins and what is their function in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Proteins that form channels and permit passage of molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the adhesion sites in the Gram-negative wall?

<p>Strengthen the wall and hold the outer membrane in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the high concentration of degradative enzymes and transport proteins in the periplasm important?

<p>Substances can move into the cell through the adhesion sites instead of the periplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the outer membrane in bacteria?

<p>Prevents loss of constituents like periplasmic enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of bacteria are able to survive without cell walls?

<p>Mycoplasmas</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sterols in the cytoplasmic membranes of mycoplasmas?

<p>Add strength and rigidity to the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme attacks peptidoglycan by hydrolyzing the bond that connects N-acetylmuramic acid with N-acetylglucosamine?

<p>Lysozyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does penicillin inhibit in bacteria?

<p>Peptidoglycan synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to Gram-positive bacteria when incubated with penicillin in an isotonic solution?

<p>Converted to protoplasts that continue to grow normally</p> Signup and view all the answers

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