Grade 9 Science: Volcanoes and Eruptions

A mountain formed by the accumulation of lava, ash, and other volcanic materials

The opening at the top of a volcano through which molten rock, ash, and gases are released during eruptions

The funnel-shaped depression at the top of a volcano, formed by eruptions

A large, bowl-shaped depression that can form at the summit or on the flanks of a volcano, often by collapse or explosion

A cone-shaped volcanic structure built up by the accumulation of lava flows

A steep-sided, cone-shaped volcano formed by explosive eruptions of viscous lava and ash

A volcano characterized by a combination of explosive and effusive eruptions, leading to a complex structure

A volcanic eruption that involves the slow outpouring of lava

A volcanic eruption that involves the explosive ejection of ash, gas, and volcanic bombs

Volcanic bombs, ash, gas, and lava are some materials ejected during volcanic eruptions.

The "Dedicated Reading for Excellence and Acuity in Mathematics" program aims to improve student performance in all learning areas, particularly addressing learning losses caused by the pandemic.

Interactive Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets in Science with ICT Integration is a resource that provides science lessons for grade 9 students. Each lesson includes an educational video accessible through a QR code.

Science Diagnostic Assessment and Target Setting; a program that supports DREAM+ by providing diagnostic assessments to identify areas where students need more support.

The "Emergency Response On Non-achievers" program is a science intervention program that supports DREAM+

Science teachers in the Schools Division of Passi City come together to discuss and monitor the effectiveness of the science curriculum and programs.

A learning resource designed for print and online distribution within the Department of Education.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruptions to education worldwide. The "learning losses" refer to the academic gaps that students experienced due to school closures and other pandemic-related challenges.

The foundational skills and concepts learned in the early years of education are crucial for students' future academic success. It's vital to address these learning gaps to ensure a strong academic foundation.

Molten rock found beneath the Earth's surface.

Molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface.

The opening at the top of a volcano where molten rock, ash, and gases are released.

A steep-sided, cone-shaped volcano formed by explosive eruptions of viscous lava and ash.

The decreasing viscosity of escaping gas bubbles from magma counteracts the increasing viscosity of the remaining magma, resulting in a complex relationship between gas content and overall magma viscosity.

The force driving volcanic eruptions is generated by the expansion of gases within magma, as they rise towards the surface and escape from the molten rock.

Geothermal power plants use the heat from deep within the Earth to generate steam, which is then used to produce electricity.

Geothermal heat pumps utilize the heat closer to the Earth's surface to warm water or buildings.

The Philippines is a major producer of geothermal energy, ranking second in the world due to its numerous active volcanoes.

Geothermal energy production is more cost-effective than generating electricity using natural gas, coal, or hydropower.

A kit with essential items needed for survival during a volcanic eruption.

Preparing a 'ready-to-go' kit before a volcanic eruption is crucial for safety and survival.

A natural event where molten rock, ash, and gases are ejected from a volcano.

Volcanic eruptions can be both beautiful and dangerous, with significant positive and negative impacts on the environment.

Observing precautions before, during, and after a volcanic eruption is essential to protect yourself and others.

Volcanic eruptions can be very dangerous, but they are also a natural phenomena that we cannot control.

Eruption preparedness should include knowing the escape routes and emergency contact numbers.

Staying informed about volcanic activity and following official instructions is crucial for surviving a volcanic eruption.

A type of energy harnessed from the heat deep within the Earth.

The process of generating electricity from geothermal energy involves using the heat to create steam, which spins a turbine connected to a generator.

The viscosity of magma, determining its ability to flow, is significantly influenced by the amount of silica present.

Magma with a high silica content is thick and viscous, resulting in explosive eruptions.

Magma with low silica content is thin and fluid, leading to effusive eruptions, characterized by slow lava flows.

Lapilli are small pieces of solidified lava that range in size from a pea to a golf ball.

Aa lava is a type of lava that is characterized by a rough, blocky surface and a slow flow.

Pahoehoe lava is a type of lava that has a smooth, ropy surface and flows relatively quickly.