Grade 12 NSC Geography Paper 1

NSC Geography Grade 12 Exam

Map Skills

• A topographic map is a 2D representation of the Earth's surface, showing relief features, drainage, and other physical features
• Contour lines are imaginary lines that join points of equal elevation above sea level
• Close together contour lines indicate steep slopes, while far apart lines indicate gentle slopes
• A contour interval is the difference in elevation between two consecutive contour lines

Location and Distance

• Location can be described using latitude and longitude coordinates or grid references
• Latitude measures distance north or south of the Equator, ranging from 0° to 90°
• Longitude measures distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, ranging from 0° to 180°
• Distance can be measured using a scale or by calculating the difference between two grid references

Direction

• A compass rose is a diagram showing directions (N, S, E, W, and intermediate directions)
• Azimuth is the angular distance between a line and a reference direction (usually north)
• A back bearing is the direction you would need to travel to return to your starting point