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Questions and Answers
When using a fire extinguisher, remember to use ______:
PASS
The first step of the ______ technique is to pull the pin or safety seal.
PASS
After pulling the pin, ______ the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire.
Aim
______ the handle to discharge the agent and sweep the nozzle or hose from side to side.
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The Three A's are ______, Attempt, and Assist.
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Step 1 of the ACTIVATE step is to immediately ______ the building alarm system.
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Step 2 of the ACTIVATE step is to ______ the fire department by calling 911.
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If safe to do so, ______ to extinguish the fire using the appropriate fire extinguisher.
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Step 1 of the ASSIST step is to prioritize ______ individuals in immediate danger.
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Step 2 of the ASSIST step is to ______ those who are unable to evacuate independently.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Fire
- Fire is a natural force that has been harnessed by humans for centuries, but it can also have catastrophic consequences.
- Fire can cause devastating losses, such as the 2015 factory fire in Valenzuela, Metro Manila, which claimed nearly 100 lives.
Fire Triangle
- The fire triangle is a fundamental model that explains the mechanics of fire.
- The three essential components of the fire triangle are:
- Heat
- Fuel
- Oxygen
Heat
- Heat is essential for igniting a fire.
- Sources of heat include:
- Electrical equipment
- Open flames
- Sparks
- Chemical reactions
Fuel
- Fuel refers to any material that can undergo combustion.
- Examples of fuels include:
- Wood
- Paper
- Flammable liquids
- Gases
Oxygen
- Oxygen is necessary for sustaining combustion.
- Controlling oxygen levels can mitigate fire hazards.
Classification of Fuels
- Fuels are categorized into classes based on their physical state and chemical composition.
- The classes include:
- Solids
- Liquids
- Gases
- Metals
Types of Fire Extinguishers
- Water and Foam:
- Cool the fire and reduce its temperature
- Effective against Class A fires and foam can also tackle Class B
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2):
- Suffocate the fire by displacing oxygen in the air and cooling the fuel
- Effective against Class B and C fires
- Dry Chemical:
- Release a fine powder that interrupts the chemical reaction of the fire
- Effective against Class A, B, and C fires
- Wet Chemical:
- Release a solution that cools the fire and reacts chemically to form a soap-like solution
- Effective against Class K fires (cooking oils and fats)
- Clean Agent:
- Interrupt the chemical reaction of the fire
- Effective against Class B and C fires
- Dry Powder:
- Form a layer over the fuel, smothering the fire and blocking oxygen
- Effective against Class D fires
- Water Mist:
- Cool the fire and reduce the oxygen content around it
- Effective against Class A and some Class C fires
- Cartridge Operated Dry Chemical:
- Operate like a standard dry chemical extinguisher but use a cartridge to expel the chemical
- Effective against Class A, B, and C fires
Using a Fire Extinguisher
- Remember to use PASS:
- Pull the pin or safety seal
- Aim the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire
- Squeeze the handle to discharge the agent
- Sweep the nozzle or hose from side to side, covering the entire burning material
Fire Emergency Response Protocol
- The Three A's:
- ACTIVATE: Immediately activate the building alarm system
- ATTEMPT: If safe to do so, attempt to extinguish the fire using the appropriate fire extinguisher
- ASSIST: Prioritize assisting individuals in immediate danger, and assist those who are unable to evacuate independently
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Description
Learn about the importance and risks of fire in our daily lives, from its benefits to its potential for catastrophic consequences. This quiz covers the basics of fire and its impact on society. Test your knowledge and understanding of fire hazards and disasters.
