Grade 10 Physical Sciences Term 1
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Questions and Answers

The frequency of a wave is defined as the ...

  • number of complete waves per second. (correct)
  • number of points in phase in a wavelength.
  • lowest point on a wave.
  • time taken for one complete wave.
  • When two wave crests overlap, the increase in amplitude is due to ...

  • two waves in phase.
  • constructive interference. (correct)
  • destructive interference.
  • cancellation.
  • Define the term amplitude of a wave.

    The amplitude of a wave is the maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium position.

    Write down the amplitude, in metres, of this wave.

    <p>0.5 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Determine the period of this wave.

    <p>8 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the speed of the wave if the wavelength is 0.8 m.

    <p>0.1 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the distance d on the diagram.

    <p>2 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the amplitude of the wave produced by source B compare to that of the wave produced by source A? Choose from GREATER THAN, SMALLER THAN or EQUAL TO.

    <p>GREATER THAN (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the frequency of the wave produced by source B compare to that of the wave produced by source A? Choose from GREATER THAN, SMALLER THAN or EQUAL TO.

    <p>GREATER THAN (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the frequency of the wave produced by source B.

    <p>0.25 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which ONE of the following do sound waves travel the FASTEST?

    <p>Solids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The amplitude of a sound wave is increased without changing the frequency. How does this change affect the loudness and pitch of the sound?

    <p>LOUDNESS: Increases, PITCH: Unchanged (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define the term longitudinal wave.

    <p>A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of motion of the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the distance between the sound source and the building.

    <p>1360 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the property of a sound wave that influences its pitch.

    <p>Frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Above which frequency is a sound wave classified as ultrasound?

    <p>20 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name ONE use of ultrasound in the medical treatment of patients.

    <p>Diagnosis of medical condition/pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A rod acquires a negative charge after it has been rubbed with wool. Which ONE of the following best explains why this happens?

    <p>Negative charges are transferred from the wool to the rod. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A rubber balloon obtains a negative charge after it has been rubbed against human hair. Which ONE of the statements below best explains why this happens?

    <p>Negative charges are transferred from the human hair to the rubber balloon. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write down the principle of conservation of charge in words.

    <p>In an isolated system the total/net charge remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give a reason why the stream of water bends towards the rod.

    <p>The water molecule has a positive charge and is attracted toward the rod.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the net charge now carried by the rod.

    <p>1.6 x 10^-5 C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sphere has an excess of electrons?

    <p>Sphere B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The two spheres are allowed to touch. Will the electrons be transferred from A to B or B to A?

    <p>Sphere A to B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the new charge on sphere B.

    <p>5 x 10^-7 C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the number of electrons transferred during contact.

    <p>1.56 x 10^13</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Pulse

    A single disturbance that travels through a medium.

    Transverse Wave

    A wave where the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of the wave's travel.

    Amplitude

    The maximum displacement of a particle from its rest position.

    Principle of Superposition

    When two or more waves overlap, their amplitudes add up.

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    Constructive Interference

    When two wave crests overlap, their amplitudes add up to create a larger wave.

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    Destructive Interference

    When a wave crest overlaps with a trough, their amplitudes cancel each other out, resulting in a smaller wave.

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    Frequency

    The number of complete wave cycles that pass a point per second.

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    Period

    The time it takes for one complete wave cycle to pass a point.

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    Crest

    The highest point on a wave.

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    Trough

    The lowest point on a wave.

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    Wave Speed

    The distance a point on a wave travels per unit time.

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    Longitudinal Wave

    A wave where the particles of the medium move parallel to the direction of the wave's travel.

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    Electromagnetic Wave

    A wave that travels through a vacuum.

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    Wavelength

    The distance between two successive points in phase on a wave.

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    Diffraction

    The ability of a wave to bend around obstacles.

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    Reflection

    The bouncing of a wave off a surface.

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    Refraction

    The bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another.

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    Interference

    The merging of two or more waves.

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    Loudness

    The sensation of sound.

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    Pitch

    The sensation of highness or lowness of sound.

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    Ultrasound

    A sound wave that is too high in frequency to be heard by humans.

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    Echo

    A sound wave that bounces back from a surface.

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    Speed of Sound

    The speed at which sound travels through a medium.

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    Electron

    A negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus of an atom.

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    Elementary Charge

    The smallest unit of electric charge.

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    Neutron

    A neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

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    Proton

    A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

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    Polarization (of charge)

    The separation of positive and negative charges within a material.

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    Quantization (of charge)

    The idea that electric charge exists in discrete units.

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    Principle of Conservation of Charge

    The principle that states that charge cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.

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    Principle of Charge Quantization

    The principle that states that the total charge of an object is always a whole number multiple of the elementary charge.

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    Triboelectric Charging (Triboelectric Effect)

    The process of becoming electrically charged by rubbing two different materials together.

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    Study Notes

    Physical Sciences Resource Pack and Marking Guidelines

    • This resource pack supports learning essential content and skills for Term 1, Grade 10.
    • It aims to help students grasp key concepts, meet required standards, and succeed in assessments.

    Table of Contents (Page 2)

    • The document outlines topics and questions for Term 1 Physical Sciences.
    • Topics covered include Transverse Waves, Longitudinal Waves, Sound Waves, and Electrostatics, with corresponding questions.

    Transverse Waves, Longitudinal Waves, and Sound Waves (Page 2)

    • Pulse: A single disturbance in a medium.
    • Transverse Pulse: A pulse where particles vibrate perpendicular to the pulse's direction.
    • Amplitude: Maximum displacement of a particle from its rest position.
    • Principle of Superposition: The sum of amplitudes of overlapping pulses.
    • Constructive Interference: Overlapping crests; resultant increase in amplitude.
    • Destructive Interference: Overlapping crest and trough; reduced amplitude.
    • Transverse Wave: A wave where particles vibrate at right angles to the wave's motion.
    • Wavelength: Distance between two successive points in phase.
    • Frequency: Number of wave pulses per second.
    • Period: Time taken for one complete wave pulse.

    Wave Properties (Page 3)

    • Amplitude: Maximum displacement of a particle from equilibrium position.
    • Crest: Highest point on a wave.
    • Trough: Lowest point on a wave.
    • Wave Speed: Distance travelled by a point on a wave per unit time.
    • Longitudinal Wave: A wave where particles vibrate parallel to the wave's motion.

    General Wave Properties (Page 5)

    • Transverse waves: Vibrations perpendicular to wave direction; examples include water and light waves.
    • Longitudinal waves: Vibrations parallel to wave direction; example is sound waves.
    • Wavefronts: Imaginary lines connecting adjacent points in phase.
    • Key properties of waves: carry energy, obey reflection and refraction, and obey wave equation V=fλ.

    Question 1 (Page 6)

    • Frequency: Number of complete waves per second.
    • Constructive interference: Overlapping crests results in an increase in amplitude.
    • Amplitude definition: Maximum displacement of a particle from its rest position.

    Question 2 (Page 7)

    • Sound wave speed: Fastest in solids, then liquids, then air.
    • Loudness: Increased amplitude correlates to increased loudness.
    • Pitch: Frequency influences pitch.

    Question 3 (Page 8/13)

    • Longitudinal wave definition: A wave where particles vibrate in the same direction as the wave travels.
    • Calculation of distance: Speed = Distance / Time, and the distance can be calculated using this formula.
    • Ultrasound frequencies and uses: Frequencies above a certain threshold are classified as ultrasound; uses in medical treatment may be mentioned.
    • Electrostatics: Study of charges at rest.
    • Types of charge: Negative (excess electrons) and Positive (electron deficient).
    • Charging methods: Contact and Rubbing (triboelectric).
    • Electrostatic forces: Like charges repel, unlike charges attract.
    • Conservation of charge: Charge can't be created nor destroyed; it can only be transferred.
    • Charge quantization: Charges are multiples of the elementary charge.
    • Questions about charging of objects: Determining cause of negative charge on a rod or balloon.

    Marking Memoranda (Pages 9-15)

    • Contains detailed solutions, formulas, and marking criteria for the questions in the document.

    Summary of Electrostatics concepts (pages 12-15)

    • Terminology:
      • Electron, Elementary Charge, Neutron, Proton
      • Polarization, Quantization, Conservation of Charge
      • Triboelectric Effect
    • Answers/solutions for various questions (on electrostatic):
      • Defining terms, reasons behind specific charged items (e.g., rod, balloon), calculating charges and number of electrons.

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    Description

    This quiz resource pack is designed for Grade 10 students focusing on Term 1 Physical Sciences. It includes essential content covering topics such as Transverse Waves, Longitudinal Waves, Sound Waves, and Electrostatics, alongside marking guidelines to aid in assessments. Master key concepts and excel in your studies this term!

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