DHS-Oral Surgery- Mandibular anesthesia

Infiltration anesthesia is recommended for patients with a full primary dentition because it offers effective and predictable anesthesia for these younger patients.

The Akinosi-Vazirani block, also known as the 'closed mouth technique,' is useful when patients have difficulty opening their mouths or have a large tongue hindering landmark visibility.

Mandibular infiltration can be the primary choice for pulpal anesthesia in patients with a full primary dentition due to the anatomy and development of their jaws.

The patient's age is a crucial factor in the success of mandibular infiltration. Younger patients have thinner tissues and more predictable nerve pathways.

A 30-gauge needle is typically used for infiltration anesthesia, providing a suitable balance between penetration and tissue trauma.

The recommended volume for each infiltration injection site is 0.5 mL. This minimizes local tissue distortion and maximizes anesthetic efficacy.

After infiltration, the inferior alveolar and lingual nerve block is the most commonly used technique for lower teeth anesthesia. It effectively blocks multiple nerves.

The inferior alveolar, incisive, mental, and lingual nerves are targeted by the inferior alveolar and lingual nerve block, ensuring complete anesthesia for the lower teeth.

Bilateral inferior alveolar nerve blocks aren't ideal for routine procedures due to potential patient discomfort and complications such as hematoma or nerve damage.

The 'central core theory' explains why achieving anesthesia with the inferior alveolar nerve block can be challenging. The nerve bundle is surrounded by collagen and fat, making it harder for the anesthetic to penetrate.

Infiltration anesthesia is preferred for pulpal anesthesia of lower incisors in adults because it's a safe and effective technique for these teeth.

The aim of the inferior alveolar and lingual nerve block is to deposit anesthetic solution close to the mandibular foramen, where the nerves enter the jaw.

Bilateral incisive nerve blocks can be used as an alternative to bilateral inferior alveolar blocks, providing targeted anesthesia for the lower incisors.

The inferior alveolar nerve block has a lower success rate compared to other nerve blocks, possibly due to anatomical variations and nerve distribution.

Depositing anesthetic solution both buccally and lingually increases the chances of achieving effective pulpal anesthesia, covering both sides of the nerves.

Anatomical variations, such as the position of the mandibular foramen, can affect the success of the inferior alveolar nerve block. This is why understanding anatomy is crucial.

Long buccal nerve anesthesia specifically targets the buccal soft tissues, providing pain relief during extractions by blocking sensory nerves in the region.

A buccal nerve block is performed after an inferior alveolar nerve block when extracting mandibular molar teeth, ensuring complete pain control during the procedure.

After an extraction, it's essential to examine the inferior alveolar nerve, lingual nerve, and the long buccal nerve to ensure proper healing and prevent complications.

The indirect technique of inferior alveolar nerve block overcomes the issue of contacting bone too early, allowing for precise anesthetic delivery close to the target nerve.

The anterior ramus of the molars is the target area for long buccal nerve anesthesia, providing effective pain control for the buccal soft tissues.

During the inferior alveolar nerve block, it's crucial to avoid local anesthetic solution spilling into the mouth. This prevents potential taste disturbances and discomfort.

An ectopic mandibular foramen, a variation in the location of the opening for nerves, can explain why the inferior alveolar nerve block may sometimes be unsuccessful. Understanding anatomy is key.

A true long buccal block involves depositing anesthetic solution distal and buccal to the lower third molar, ensuring proper anesthesia to the buccal soft tissues.

The Gow-Gates technique effectively anesthetizes the inferior alveolar, mental, incisive, lingual, mylohyoid, auriculotemporal, and buccal nerves, resulting in a wide area of pain relief.

The needle is inserted in an upward direction, following a line from the corner of the mouth to the imagined insertion line, for the Gow-Gates technique.

The insertion area for the Gow-Gates technique is the mucous membrane on the mesial of the mandibular ramus, just distal to the maxillary second molar.

During the Gow-Gates injection, the average depth of soft tissue penetration to bone is 25 mm. This ensures proper placement of the anesthetic.

The onset of anesthesia for the Gow-Gates technique takes approximately 5 minutes, allowing for a period of time before the procedure can commence.

The Akinosi-Vazirani block is also known as the 'closed mouth technique' because the patient's mouth is kept closed during the procedure, making it suitable for limited opening.

The Akinosi-Vazirani block is indicated when patients can't open their mouths or have a large tongue obstructing landmarks. It offers alternative access.

During the Akinosi-Vazirani block injection, the patient's mouth is kept closed, allowing for the injection to be performed without the need for a wide opening.