American Government and Enlightenment Ideas

<p>Social contract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Constitution (C), The Bill of Rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The new country had inadequate military support. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each state had one vote in Congress. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The weak government structure deterred foreign trading partners. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congress could not declare war without the approval of state governments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power to declare war. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were considered foreign nations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The balance of power between state and federal governments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Runaway enslaved people could be reclaimed by their owners and taken back. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Representation between large and small states. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing the power of the national government would allow it to become too powerful. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Representation would be based on population for the lower house and equal for the upper house. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congress had the authority to levy taxes on citizens. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Supremacy Clause (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The addition of the Bill of Rights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Favor large, populous states in legislation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Federalist Papers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individual rights should be protected independently from the Constitution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Northern and southern states (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anti-Federalists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A belief in the need for a strong centralized government (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Federalist Papers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Checks and balances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A division of powers between national and state governments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The central government controls local governments' functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They often include checks and balances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social contract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Bill of Rights explicitly listed individual freedoms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was an alliance of independent states under a limited central government. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The national government did not have the power to impose taxes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enslavers could reclaim their enslaved people in states where they had fled. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The proportional representation of enslaved people (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Federalists favored a strong central government while the Anti-Federalists favored strong state governments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The belief that rulers derive their authority from God and are answerable only to God.

The principle that individuals have inherent rights to life, liberty, and property, which cannot be taken away by government.

A hypothetical state of existence without government or laws.

A concept arguing that legitimate governments are based on the consent of the governed.

An agreement between individuals and the government, where individuals give up some freedom in exchange for security and protection.

The idea that power should be divided between different branches of government, to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

A system where each branch of government has the power to check the actions of the other branches, to prevent abuse of power.

A system of governance in which ultimate power rests with the people and is exercised through elected representatives.

Differences in economic interests between those in urban areas involved in industry and those in rural areas focused on agriculture.

Disagreements about whether the government should represent individual citizens (people) or states as independent entities.

Conflicts of interest between the northern and southern states due to differing economic systems and values.

The divide between wealthy elites with economic influence and the majority of the population with moderate or low incomes.

Enslaved people who ran away to other states could be captured and returned to their owners.

A series of essays published in 1787 that argued in favor of a strong federal government and ratification of the Constitution.

The Great Compromise resolved the dispute between large and small states over representation in the legislative branch.

The Great Compromise established a bicameral legislature, with the Senate granting equal representation to each state and the House of Representatives granting representation based on population.

Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government had limited powers, including the authority to declare war, borrow and coin money, and settle disputes between states. However, it lacked the power to regulate trade or tax.

A major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was the lack of a national army. Congress couldn't effectively enforce laws or defend against foreign threats without a unified military.

The national government had the power to regulate trade with Native Americans because they were not considered citizens of the United States and were treated as foreign nations.

The Articles of Confederation lacked the power to regulate interstate commerce, leaving states to independently manage trade within their borders.

The Articles of Confederation established a weak national government with limited powers, primarily focused on coordinating defense and foreign affairs. States retained significant autonomy over their internal affairs, including taxation and trade.

The Articles of Confederation's weakness stemmed from its failure to grant the national government adequate authority to effectively govern, leading to economic instability, lack of national unity, and vulnerability to foreign threats.

A belief in the need for a strong centralized government with broad powers to effectively govern the nation.

A belief that the Constitution should not be ratified as it provides too much power to the national government at the expense of states' rights.

The desire for a strong executive leader, like a president, who can make swift decisions and act decisively.

A belief that the national government should have its own court system separate from state courts to enforce national laws.

A system where power is shared between the national government and state governments, with each level having specific powers.

A system of government where the central government has ultimate power and controls all aspects of governance, including the states.

Federal systems are often used in large and diverse countries, allowing for greater representation of regional interests while maintaining a strong national identity.

The principle that the press should be free from government censorship or interference, allowing for open and critical reporting.

The right of individuals to a fair and impartial trial by a jury of their peers.

A system of government where power is divided between a strong central authority and independent states.

The inability of the national government to tax the states directly, hindering its ability to fund essential services.

The clause in the Constitution stating that enslaved people who escaped to free states had to be returned to their owners.

The debate centered around how enslaved people should be counted for representation in Congress. The compromise allowed for enslaved people to be counted as 3/5th of a person for representation purposes.

The disagreements between those who favored a strong central government (Federalists) and those who favored strong state governments (Anti-Federalists).