12 Questions
What is the primary function of uricosuric drugs in the long-term control of gout?
Increasing uric acid excretion
What is the mechanism of action of colchicine in treating acute gout attacks?
Inhibiting microtubule formation
What is the role of osteoclasts in the progression of gout?
Demineralisation of bone
What is the primary metabolite of hypoxanthine in the uric acid pathway?
Xanthine
What is the mechanism of action of allopurinol in the long-term control of gout?
Inhibiting xanthine oxidase
What is the primary function of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of acute gout attacks?
Relieving pain and inflammation
Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that converts xanthine to uric acid in the uric acid pathway.
True
Probenecid is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used in the long-term control of gout.
False
Cytokines are a type of lipid mediator involved in the resolution of inflammation.
False
Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is commonly used to treat acute gout attacks.
False
Hypoxanthine is converted to xanthine in the uric acid pathway.
True
The activation of osteoclasts leads to the demineralization of bones.
True
Study Notes
Gout and Inflammation
- Gout is a condition characterized by the recruitment of immune cells, secretion of prostaglandins and cytokines, and activation of osteoclasts, leading to demineralisation.
- The progression of gout involves the recruitment of immune cells, secretion of prostaglandins and cytokines, and activation of osteoclasts, leading to demineralisation.
Biochemistry of Gout
- Hypoxanthine is converted to xanthine, and then to uric acid.
- Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that prevents the conversion of xanthine to uric acid.
Treatment of Gout
- Acute attacks of gout are treated with NSAIDs (except aspirin) and colchicine, a microtubule inhibitor.
- Long-term control of gout is achieved with uricosuric drugs, such as probenecid, which increase uric acid excretion, and allopurinol, which inhibits xanthine oxidase.
This quiz covers the pathophysiology of gout, including the recruitment of immune cells, secretion of prostaglandins and cytokines, and activation of osteoclasts leading to demineralisation. It also discusses the role of anti-inflammatory medications such as allopurinol.
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